![\"\"](\"https:\/\/reto.cn\/bildo\/cina\/esperantologio\/esperanta-literaturo\/artikolo-31\/bildo-1.png\")
Sandor Szathmari\uff081897-1974\uff09<\/p><\/div>\n
\u5c71\u9053\u5c14\u00b7\u8428\u7279\u739b\u5229\uff08Sandor Szathmari\uff091897\u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u5728\u5308\u7259\u5229\u7684Gyula\uff0c\u4e8c\u5341\u5c81\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u7528\u4ed6\u7684\u6bcd\u8bed\u2014\u2014\u5308\u7259\u5229\u8bed\u4e3a\u520a\u7269\u5199\u7a3f\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u50cf\u739b\u00b7\u5e03\u5c14\u987f\uff08M. Boulton\uff09\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u662f\u53cc\u8bed\u4f5c\u5bb6\u30021974\u5e74\u53bb\u4e16\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8bf4\u8d77\u4ed6\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u300a\u5361\u5de6\u5e0c\u5c3c\u5965\u6e38\u8bb0\u300b\uff08Voja\u011do al Kazohinio\uff09\uff0c\u8fd8\u771f\u662f\u4e00\u6bb5\u6587\u575b\u8f76\u4e8b\uff1a\u201c\u4f5c\u8005\u7528\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u521b\u4f5c\u4e86\u8fd9\u672c\u5c0f\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u963b\u6b62\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\u66f4\u65e9\u57281941\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u5308\u7259\u5229\u6587\u7248\u7684\u5220\u8282\u672c\uff0c\u5168\u6587\u51fa\u7248\u4e8e1946\u5e74\u3002\u201d\uff08La a\u016dtoro verkis \u011din en Esp-o, sed la Dua Mondmilito malebligis \u011dian eldonon. Pro tio aperis pli frue versio hungarlingva, jam kripligite en 1941, plenforme en 1946.\uff09\u2474 \u5176\u5b9e\u4ed6\u65e9\u5728\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u5c31\u521b\u4f5c\u4e86\u8fd9\u672c\u5c0f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e5f\u540c\u201c\u6587\u5b66\u4e16\u754c\u201d\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u7b7e\u4e86\u5408\u540c\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u88ab\u8feb\u5173\u95e8\uff0c\u5c0f\u8bf4\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u539f\u6587\u6ca1\u80fd\u51fa\u7248\u3002<\/p>\n
![](\"https:\/\/reto.cn\/bildo\/cina\/esperantologio\/esperanta-literaturo\/artikolo-31\/bildo-2.png\")
<\/p>\n
\u8428\u7279\u739b\u5229\u5199\u300a\u5361\u5de6\u5e0c\u5c3c\u5965\u6e38\u8bb0\u300b\u8fd9\u672c\u5c0f\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u501f\u7528\u4e86J. \u65af\u5a01\u592b\u7279\u521b\u9020\u7684\u65c5\u6e38\u8005\u683c\u5217\u4f5b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u7269\u7684\u6709\u6548\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u628a\u5c0f\u8bf4\u5199\u6210\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u79f0\u7684\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u4e3b\u4eba\u516c\u683c\u5217\u4f5b\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u5929\u771f\u7684\u5b88\u65e7\u6d3e\uff08\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4ed6\u5728\u51e0\u4e2a\u7a00\u5947\u53e4\u602a\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u6709\u8fc7\u8bb8\u591a\u7ecf\u5386\uff01\uff09\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u662f\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u65b0\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5bf9\u7167\u7269\u3002\u4ed6\u53d1\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u9996\u5148\u8eab\u5904\u5728\u5e0c\u8bfa\u4eba\u5b8c\u6ee1\u7684\u7406\u6027\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u949e\u7968\u2014\u2014\u4eba\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u5207\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u9700\u7528\u52b3\u52a8\u6765\u56de\u62a5\u793e\u4f1a\u2014\u2014\u4ee4\u4eba\u96be\u582a\u7684\u7981\u5fcc\uff0c\u5982\u6709\u4f24\u98ce\u5316\u65b9\u9762\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u4e3a\u4eba\u6240\u77e5\u4e86\u2026\u2026\u201d\uff08utiligas la utilan konvencion de l\u2019 inventito de Jonathan Swift, la voja\u011danto Gulivero, por esti la mio de la romano. Gulivero estas, kompreneble, naiva konservativulo (malgra\u016d siaj multaj spertoj en pluraj tre strangaj landoj!), kaj sekve perfekte kontrastigilo por la novaj socioj. Li trovas sin unue en la perfekta racia mondo de la Hinoj, kie ekzemple mono ne ekzistas \u2013 oni ricevas \u0109ion bezonatan, kaj siavice simple kontribuas laboron al la socio \u2013 kaj \u011denaj tabuoj, kiel la pudoro, ne estas konataj\u2026\uff09\u82f1\u56fd\u5341\u516b\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u4f5c\u5bb6\u65af\u5a01\u592b\u7279\uff08J. Swift\uff09\u5199\u7684\u300a\u683c\u5217\u4f5b\u6e38\u8bb0\u300b\uff0c\u60f3\u5fc5\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u719f\u6089\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u591a\u8bf4\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
\u201c\u558f\uff0c\u683c\u5217\u4f5b\u5728\u7406\u6027\u7684\u5e0c\u8bfa\u4eba\u4e2d\u5ea6\u8fc7\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u5149\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u719f\u6089\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u89c9\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u591a\u5c11\u5c31\u53cd\u611f\u591a\u5c11\u3002\u540e\u6765\u4ed6\u542c\u8bf4\u6709\u8d1d\u5e0c\u8bfa\u4eba\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\uff0c\u88ab\u5e0c\u8bfa\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u8111\u6b8b\u75c5\u7ed9\u9694\u79bb\u5f00\u4e86\uff08\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u6309\u7167\u5e0c\u8bfa\u4eba\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u751f\u6d3b\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u4e86\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u827a\u672f\u8fd8\u662f\u4e2a\u6027\u90fd\u4e0d\u88ab\u5e0c\u8bfa\u4eba\u63a5\u53d7\uff01\u53ef\u662f\u5bf9\u683c\u5217\u4f5b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u90a3\u6837\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4f3c\u4e4e\u66f4\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u4ed6\u9009\u62e9\u5230\u8d1d\u5e0c\u8bfa\u4eba\u90a3\u91cc\u53bb\u3002\u5509\uff01\u90a3\u91cc\u4ed6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u9002\u5e94\uff01\u56e0\u4e3a\u8d1d\u5e0c\u8bfa\u4eba\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u65e0\u653f\u5e9c\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u6709\u4e0e\u683c\u5217\u4f5b\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u2026\u2026\uff08Nu, Gulivero pasigis iom da tempo inter la raciaj hinoj, kaj ekkonas ties vivfilozofion, al kiu li trovas sin antipatia \u2013 tiom, kiom li kapablas kompreni \u011din. Poste li a\u016ddis pri kolonio de \u201cbehinoj\u201d, kiun la hinoj devis izoligi, \u0109ar ili suferas \u201ccerbmalsanon\u201d (do ne kapablas vivi la\u016d la konceptoj de la hinoj). Kompreneble, nek la arto nek la individueco estus akceptata de la hinoj! Sed al Gulivero tia socio \u015dajnas pli normala, do li elektas iri inter la behinojn. Ho ve! anka\u016d tie li ne povas kompreni a\u016d adapti\u011di! \u0108ar behinoj ne nur estas tute anar\u0125iaj, sed anka\u016d ili havas propran logikon, kiu kontra\u016das tiun de Gulivero\u2026\uff09\u201c\u8d1d\u5e0c\u8bfa\u4eba\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u98a0\u8986\u4e86\u683c\u5217\u4f5b\u6240\u6709\u7684\u81c6\u65ad\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u4e0d\u5bf9\u5934\u3002\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u4ed6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u5e78\u798f\uff0c\u5c31\u4ece\u5361\u5de6\u5e0c\u5c3c\u5965\u9003\u8131\u5230\u5916\u90e8\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u201d\uff08La socio de la behinoj renversas \u0109iujn anta\u016dju\u011dojn de Gulivero, tiel ke li \u0109iam nepre agos mal\u011duste. Anka\u016d tie, do, li ne povas esti feli\u0109a, kaj sukcesas eskapi el Kazohinio \u011dis la ekstera mondo.\uff09<\/p>\n
\u5965\u5fb7\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8428\u7279\u739b\u5229\u4ece\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u8bbd\u523a\u6211\u4eec\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8f6f\u5f31\u2014\u2014\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u6e34\u671b\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u4e60\u4fd7\u7684\u2014\u2014\u5728\u4f55\u5904\u3002\u4ed6\u6279\u8bc4\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u786e\u5b9e\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u5e0c\u8bfa\u4eba\u51b7\u9177\u7684\u7406\u6027\u548c\u8d1d\u5e0c\u8bfa\u4eba\u75af\u72c2\u7684\u65e0\u5e8f\u4e2d\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u201d\uff08Szathnari de du frankoj satiras nian homan socion, montrante kie trovi\u011das niaj malfortoj, \u0109u de aspiro, \u0109u de moroj. Li kritikas la mondon aktualan, kaj li certe ne trovis solvon en la frida racio de hinoj a\u016d la freneza malordo de la behinoj.\uff09\u2475<\/p>\n
\u4ed6\u7684\u77ed\u7bc7\u5c0f\u8bf4\u96c6\u300a\u673a\u5668\u4e16\u754c\u300b\uff08Ma\u015dinmondo\uff091964\u5e74\u7531Stafeto\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u300a\u673a\u5668\u4e16\u754c\u300b\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f1a\u964c\u751f\uff0c\u516b\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u674e\u5948\u897f\u540c\u5fd7\u7684\u6c49\u8bed\u8bd1\u672c\uff0c\u7531\u5317\u4eac\u77e5\u8bc6\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u8fd8\u662f\u7528\u8bbd\u523a\u7684\u624b\u6cd5\uff0c\u63d0\u9192\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e0d\u8981\u5931\u53bb\u7406\u667a\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u673a\u5668\u7684\u5974\u96b6\u3002<\/p>\n
1977\u5e74\u5308\u7259\u5229\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u534f\u4f1a\uff08HEA\uff09\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u5c0f\u8bf4\u96c6\u300a\u8be5\u9690\u548c\u4e9a\u4f2f\u300b\uff08Kain kaj Abel\uff09\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u4ecd\u7136\u7528\u5632\u8bbd\u7684\u7b14\u8c03\u6765\u9488\u782d\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u73b0\u72b6\u3002\u4ed6\u501f\u7528\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u91cc\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u8be5\u9690\u548c\u4e9a\u4f2f\u5144\u5f1f\u95f4\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e00\u9488\u89c1\u8840\u5730\u8bbd\u523a\u4eba\u7c7b\u672c\u6027\u4e2d\u5ac9\u5992\u548c\u8d2a\u5a6a\u7684\u4e00\u9762\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6e05\u9192\u5730\u63ed\u793a\u51fa\u73b0\u5b9e\u793e\u4f1a\u91cc\u7684\u201c\u51b7\u6218\u201d\u548c\u201c\u519b\u5907\u7ade\u8d5b\u201d\u7684\u7f18\u7531\u3002\u2476<\/p>\n
\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u5f88\u53d7\u8bfb\u8005\u559c\u7231\uff0c\u51e0\u79cd\u7248\u672c\u65e9\u5df2\u552e\u7f44\u30021988\u5e74\u5308\u7259\u5229\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u534f\u4f1a\uff0c\u628a\u4ed6\u7684\u4e24\u672c\u77ed\u7bc7\u5c0f\u8bf4\u96c6\u5408\u7f16\u4e3a\u4e00\u672c\u300a\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u300b\uff08Perfekta civitano\uff09\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u6536\u5165\u4e86\u4f5c\u8005\u5199\u7684\u81ea\u4f20\u548c\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u6587\u5b66\u5bb6V.\u672c\u5409\u514b\uff08Vilmos Benczik\uff09\u7684\u8bc4\u8bba\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u518c\u5728\u624b\uff0c\u6b23\u8d4f\u5230\u4ed6\u7684\u77ed\u7bc7\u4f73\u4f5c\u3002\u90a3\u90e8\u957f\u7bc7\u5c0f\u8bf4\uff0cSAT\u4e5f\u57281998\u5e74\u53c8\u5370\u4e86\u4e00\u7248\u3002\u672c\u5409\u514b\u8bf4\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u662f\u201c\u60b2\u89c2\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5f88\u6b8b\u9177\u201d\uff08pesimisma, e\u0109 kruela\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u90a3\u79cd\u201c\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e4b\u7231\u201d\u7684\u60b2\u60af\uff0c\u65f6\u800c\u95ea\u70c1\u51fa\u7406\u6027\u4e4b\u5149\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u201c\u4e4c\u6258\u90a6\u54f2\u5b66\u793e\u4f1a\u8bbd\u523a\u7684\u201d\u5c0f\u8bf4\u4f5c\u54c1\uff08la utopia-filozofia-socia satiro\uff09\u2477 \u662f\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u6587\u5b66\u91cc\u5c11\u6709\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u6c11\u65cf\u8bed\u6587\u5b66\u91cc\u540c\u7c7b\u4f5c\u54c1\u76f8\u5ab2\u7f8e\u7684\u8bbd\u523a\u6587\u5b66\u6770\u4f5c\u3002
\n2015-08-25\uff0c\u5927\u5e86<\/p>\n
\u2474 W. Auld: Vereco Distro Stilo, Iltis, 1981, p.55
\n\u2475 same \u2474, p. 57-58
\n\u2476 \u6211\u66fe\u5199\u8fc7\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bfb\u4e66\u968f\u7b14\u201c\u4e24\u7bc7\u540c\u540d\u7684\u77ed\u7bc7\u5c0f\u8bf4\u201d\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u5df4\u57fa\u5199\u7684\u201c\u8be5\u9690\u548c\u4e9a\u4f2f\u201d\u548c\u8428\u7279\u739b\u5229\u5199\u7684\u8fd9\u7bc7\u5c0f\u8bf4\uff0c\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u201c\u4f5b\u5b66\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u7f51\u201d\u4e0a\u770b\u5230\u3002
\n\u2477 V. Benczik: Studoj pri la esp-a literaturo, La Kritikanto, 1980, p. 124<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7<\/a> \u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7<\/a><\/p>\n \u8fd4\u56de\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u6587\u5b66\u7410\u8bdd<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u8428\u7279\u739b\u5229\u7684\u8bbd\u523a\u6587\u5b66\u6770\u4f5c \u867d\u7136\u8428\u7279\u739b\u5229\uff08Sandor Szathmari\uff09\u65e9\u57281911\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ea\u6709\u5341\u56db\u5c81\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5c31\u2026 \u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb Legi pli »<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":11795,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11845"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11845"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11845\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11795"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11845"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}