{"id":12832,"date":"2022-11-09T12:32:23","date_gmt":"2022-11-09T04:32:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/?page_id=12832"},"modified":"2026-10-18T11:39:44","modified_gmt":"2026-10-18T03:39:44","slug":"vi","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/esperantologio\/lingvistikaj-aspektoj-de-esperanto\/vi\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u5b66\u6982\u8bba \u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0 \u8bcd\u6c47\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u5b66<\/h1>\n

<\/a>5.1 \u5f15\u8a00<\/h2>\n

\u4eba\u4eec\u4e0d\u59a8\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u8fd9\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u7ae0\u7684\u6807\u9898\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u5c31\u4e3a\u6211\u5c06\u8981\u8c08\u53ca\u7684\u4e13\u95e8\u672f\u8bed\u548c\u65b0\u9020\u8bcd\u8bed\u95ee\u9898\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d3b\u6807\u672c\u3002\u4f60\u5728 PIV\uff08Waringhien 1970\uff09\u91cc\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u8fd9\u513f\u7684\u201c\u8bcd\u6c47\u201d\uff08leksiko<\/i><\/em>\uff09\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u3002\u6211\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u6307\u8bcd\u6c47\u5b66\u5bb6\u6240\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u5373\u8bcd\u6c47\u5b66\uff08leksikologio<\/i><\/em>\uff09\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u5c31\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u8bcd\u5f62\u800c\u8bba\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u8bf4\u5b83\u662f\u4ece\u4ec0\u4e48\u5730\u65b9\u5f15\u8fdb\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u5b57\u773c\uff0c\u6bcb\u5b81\u8bf4\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9006\u6d3e\u751f\u8bcd\u3002\u2460<\/sup>\u8bcd\u6c47\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4ece\u8bcd\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u548c\u7528\u6cd5\uff08\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u6709\u8bcd\u6e90\uff09\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4e0a\u770b\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8bcd\u5e93\uff1b\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u6070\u5f53\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u6307\u7531\u8bcd\u6784\u6210\u7684\u8bcd\u5e93\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6307\u7531\u8bcd\u6c47\u5f62\u4f4d\u6784\u6210\u7684\u8bcd\u5e93\u3002\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u6307\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5168\u90e8\u8bcd\u6839\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8bed\u4e49\u5b66\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u4eec\u6bd4\u8f83\u719f\u6089\u7684\u8bcd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u8bcd\u6839\uff08semantik-<\/i><\/em>\uff09\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u8fd8\u4e0d\u662f\u6b63\u5f0f\u8ba4\u53ef\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u4ec5\u89c1\u4e8e PIV\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u65e9\u5c31\u89c1\u4e8e\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u5927\u8bcd\u5178\u300b\uff08PV\uff0c\u683c\u7f57\u8ba9-\u83ab\u5bbe\u7b49\u7f16\uff0c1934\u5e74\u7248\uff09\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56fd\u9645\u201c\u5916\u6765\u8bcd\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u8bed\u4e49\u5b66\u201d\u7684\u8d44\u5386\u6bd4\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u8981\u6d45\u4e00\u4e9b\uff1a\u5b83\u662f1897\u5e74\u8d1d\u5229\u963f\u5c14\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u540d\u7bc7\u300a\u8bed\u4e49\u5b66\u521d\u63a2\u300b\uff08Br\u00e9al: Essai de S\u00e9mantique<\/i><\/em>\uff09\u65f6\u624d\u4ece\u6cd5\u8bed\u9020\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u672f\u8bed\u3002\u5b83\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u662f\u610f\u4e49\uff1a\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u8bcd\uff08\u5f62\u4f4d\u3001\u8bcd\u6839\u3001\u8bcd\u5e72\uff09\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u53e5\u6cd5\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u5f62\u6001\u5b66\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3001\u8bed\u8c03\u548c\u522b\u7684\u97f5\u5f8b\u5355\u4f4d\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u8a00\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u526f\u8bed\u8a00\u201d\u6210\u5206\u2460<\/sup>\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n

5.2 \u8bcd\u6c47\u57fa\u7840<\/b><\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u6b63\u5982\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u8005\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u7684\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u8bcd\u6839\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u90e8\u5206\u89c1\u4e8e1887\u5e74\u7684\u300a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e66\u300b\uff08Zamenhof 1887\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e60\u7528\u7684\u7136\u800c\u662f\u865a\u6784\u7684\u6807\u9898\uff09\uff0c\u6709900\u591a\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6839\u3002\u4e24\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u300a\u56fd\u9645\u8bed-\u5fb7\u8bed\u8bcd\u5178\u300b\uff08Zamenhof 1889\uff09\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6570\u91cf\u9887\u4e3a\u53ef\u89c2\u7684\u8bcd\u6839\uff1b\u8be5\u4e66\u540e\u6765\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4fee\u6539\uff08\u4f46\u52a0\u8fdb\u56db\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff09\u4fbf\u4ee5\u300a\u901a\u7528\u8bcd\u5178\u300b\uff08UV\uff0cZamenhof 1893\uff09\u7684\u4e66\u540d\u51fa\u7248\u30021905\u5e74\u4f5c\u4e3a\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u4e4b\u57fa\u7840\u300b\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u6b63\u5f0f\u901a\u8fc7\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u91cc UV \u5927\u7ea6\u67092600\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6839\u3002\u2460<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u81ea\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u52a8\u6447\u7684\u201d\u6838\u5fc3\u8bcd\u5e93\u88ab\u8ba4\u53ef\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u8bcd\u6c47\u2014\u2014\u540c\u6240\u6709\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u90a3\u6837\u2014\u2014\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u8bcd\u5f62\u6210\u548c\u65e7\u8bcd\u8001\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u800c\u589e\u957f\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u4e86\u30021954\u5e74\u7248\u7684 PV \u6536\u5f55\u8bcd\u68397866\u4e2a\uff0c\u800c PIV \u6269\u5145\u81f316000\u4e2a\u5de6\u53f3\u3002\u666e\u901a\u7684\u8bf4\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u7684\u4eba\u53ea\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u5927\u5806\u8bcd\u8bed\u7684\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u4e0d\u4e45\u524d\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u7f16\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u300a\u6b63\u5f0f\u57fa\u672c\u8bcd\u6839\u300b\uff08BRO\uff0c1976\uff09\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6559\u5b66\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u7684\u6307\u5357\u3002BRO \u4e2d\u67092418\u4e2a\u201c\u8bcd\u7d20\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u5f62\u4f4d\uff08\u8bcd\u6839\u3001\u8bcd\u5c3e\u3001\u8bcd\u7f00\u3001\u8868\u5217\u8bcd\uff09\uff1b\u52a0\u4e0a42\u4e2a\u201c\u8bcd\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u591a\u5f62\u4f4d\u8bcd\u5e72\u2014\u2014\u5408\u8ba12460\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6c47\u5355\u4f4d\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u5f62\u6001\u5b66\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff08\u89c1\u4e0a\u65873.8\uff09\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6839\u5e93\u4ece\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u8bf4\u8db3\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\u65e0\u7a77\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u8bcd\uff1b\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u51e0\u4e07\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9645\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u8bcd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bcd\u5bf9\u975e\u4e13\u4e1a\u6027\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u800c\u8a00\u6570\u91cf\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f88\u5e9e\u5927\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5411\u524d\u8dd1\u5f97\u592a\u5feb\u4e86\u3002\u67f4\u95e8\u970d\u592b\u662f\u4ece\u4ec0\u4e48\u5730\u65b9\u7ed9\u65b0\u521b\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u63d0\u53d6\u8bcd\u6c47\u539f\u6599\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u8bcd\u6c47\u91cc\u6700\u5927\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u53d6\u81ea\u62c9\u4e01\u8bed\u6216\u62c9\u4e01\u8bed\u65cf\u5404\u8bed\u8a00\uff08\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6cd5\u8bed\uff09\uff1b\u4e5f\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u53d6\u81ea\u65e5\u8033\u66fc\u8bed\u65cf\u7684\u5fb7\u8bed\u548c\u82f1\u8bed\uff1b\u8fd8\u6709\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u53d6\u81ea\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u8bed\u65cf\uff08\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4fc4\u8bed\u548c\u6ce2\u5170\u8bed\uff09\u3002\u5404\u79cd\u522b\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u5f71\u54cd\u4e5f\u968f\u5904\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u611f\u89c9\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u80af\u5b9a\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u8bcd\u6c47\u7684\u8bcd\u6e90\u5b66\u51fa\u5904\u662f\u5370\u6b27\u7cfb\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u2460<\/sup><\/p>\n

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\uff083\uff09\u907f\u514d\u8bcd\u6839\u4e24\u7aef\u6709\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u8c61\u8bcd\u7f00\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\u6cd5\u8bed\u7684 d\u00e9tachement<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u5c31\u53d8\u6210 ta\u0109ment\/o<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5206\u9063\u961f\uff09\uff0climite<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u53d8\u6210 lim\/o<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u754c\u9650\uff09\uff0ccr\u00e9puscule<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u53d8\u6210 krepusk\/o<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u71b9\u5fae\uff09\u3002\u6216\u8005\u4ee5\u6539\u4ee3\u524a\uff0c\u5982 r\u00e9colter<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u53d8\u6210 rikolt\/i<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u6536\u5272\uff09\uff0ccigarette<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u53d8\u6210 cigared\/o<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u9999\u70df\uff09\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\uff084\uff09\u907f\u514d\u591a\u4e49\u6027\u3002\u56e0\u800c bal\/o<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u5728\u6cd5\u8bed bal : balle<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u4e49\u4e2d\u53ea\u53d6\u201c\u821e\u4f1a\u201d\u4e00\u4e49\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u5404\u610f\u4e49\u5219\u7528\u522b\u7684\u8bcd\u6839\u6765\u8868\u793a\uff08\u201c\u5b50\u5f39\u201d\u7528 kugl\/o<\/i><\/em>\u3014\u6765\u81ea\u5fb7\u8bed\u3015\uff0c\u201c\u7403\u201d\u7528 pilk\/o<\/i><\/em>\u3014\u6765\u81ea\u6ce2\u5170\u8bed\u3015\uff09\u3002\u6709\u597d\u51e0\u5bf9\u201c\u8fd1\u97f3\u8bcd\u201d\u8d56\u8fd9\u4e00\u539f\u5219\u5f97\u4ee5\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 akord\/i<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u548c\u8c10\uff09\uff5eagord\/i<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u8c03\u97f3\uff0c\u8bf1\u5bfc\uff09\uff0ckonsci\/o<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u610f\u8bc6\uff09\uff5ekonscienc\/o<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u826f\u5fc3\uff09\uff0cgeneral\/o<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5c06\u519b\uff09\uff5egenerala<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u4e00\u822c\u7684\uff09\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u8fd1\u5e74\u51fa\u73b0\u7684 fla\u016dr\/o<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u201c\u690d\u7269\u533a\u7cfb\u201d\uff0c\u6709\u522b\u4e8e flor\/o<\/i><\/em>\u201c\u82b1\u201d\uff09\uff0cterm\/o<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u201c\u9879\u201d\uff0c\u6709\u522b\u4e8e termin\/o<\/i><\/em>\u201c\u672f\u8bed\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\uff085\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u548c\u5404\u6c11\u65cf\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6765\u53d6\u5f97\u56fd\u9645\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982 forges\/i<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5fd8\u8bb0\uff09\u7531\u82f1\u8bed\u7684 forget<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u52a0\u5fb7\u8bed\u7684 vergessen<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u800c\u6210\uff0cston\/o<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u77f3\u5934\uff09\u7531\u82f1\u8bed\u7684 stone<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u52a0\u5fb7\u8bed\u7684 Stein<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u8bfb [\u0283t-]\uff09\u800c\u6210\uff0cspruc\/i<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u55b7\u51fa\uff09\u7531\u5fb7\u8bed\u7684 spritzen<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u8bfb [\u0283pr-]\uff09\u52a0\u610f\u5927\u5229\u8bed\u7684 spruzzare<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u800c\u6210\uff1b\u015dov\/i<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u63a8\u52a8\uff09\u7528\u7684\u662f\u82f1\u8bed shove<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u5fb7\u8bed\u7684 schieben<\/i><\/em>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u67f4\u95e8\u970d\u592b\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u624b\u6bb5\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u5728\u8bcd\u6c47\u4e0a\u548c\u8c10\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u5bf9\u6b64\u63cf\u8ff0\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\u201c\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u662f\u7528\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u521b\u9020\u51fa\u6765\u7684\uff1a\u5b83\u91c7\u7528\u96c5\u5229\u5b89\u8bf8\u8bed\u8a00\uff08\u6309\u5373\u5370\u6b27\u8bed\u8a00\uff09\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3a\u4eba\u719f\u4e60\u7684\u8bcd\u800c\u52a0\u4ee5\u6781\u5176\u5ba1\u614e\u7684\u5b89\u6392\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u7b26\u5408\u5b8c\u5168\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u53c8\u7b26\u5408\u62fc\u5199\u6cd5\u548c\u5b9e\u7528\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u5404\u8bcd\u4e49\u548c\u8bcd\u5f62\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e92\u4e0d\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u201d\uff08\u683c\u5217\u6208\u5c141958\uff0c\u5f15Dieterle 1929\uff09<\/p>\n

\u683c\u5217\u6208\u5c14\u5f97\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba\u8bf4\uff0cedz\/o<\/i><\/em>\u201c\u4e08\u592b\u201d\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca edzino<\/i><\/em>\u201c\u59bb\u5b50\u201d\uff09\u662f\u201c\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u8bcd\u6c47\u4e2d\u4ec5\u89c1\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u786c\u6027\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u8bcd\u201d\u2014\u2014\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u54ea\u4e2a\u6c11\u65cf\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u627e\u51fa\u4ee4\u4eba\u4fe1\u670d\u7684\u8bcd\u6e90\u7684\u4ec5\u6709\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bcd\u3002\u2460<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u5728\u540e\u6765\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bcd\u6c47\u91cf\u65e5\u76ca\u4e30\u5bcc\u3002\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u53d1\u751f\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8bf4\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u53ca\uff08\u6216\uff09\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u8bcd\u5178\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u90fd\u60f3\u628a\u8bcd\u5e93\u91cc\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\u4e00\u4e00\u586b\u8865\u3002\u8fd9\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u60f3\u63d0\u4f9b\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u8bcd\u53bb\u907f\u5f00\u90a3\u4e9b\u5197\u957f\u6216\u7b28\u91cd\u7684\u5408\u6210\u8bcd\uff08\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e3b\u89c2\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff01\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u800c metal-fadeno<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u91d1\u5c5e\u7ebf\uff09\u8ba9\u4f4d\u4e8e drato<\/i><\/em>\uff0ckreska\u0135o<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u690d\u7269\uff09\u8ba9\u4f4d\u4e8e planto<\/i><\/em>\uff0cmal\/san\/ul\/ej\/o<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u533b\u9662\uff09\u8ba9\u4f4d\u4e8e hospitalo<\/i><\/em>\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\uff08\u800c\u5408\u6210\u5f62\u5f0f\u5e38\u5e38\u8fd8\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u7740\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u6d3b\u529b\uff09\u3002\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u53d1\u751f\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u53c8\u6216\u8bb8\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eba\u4eec\u81ea\u89c9\u6216\u4e0d\u81ea\u89c9\u5730\u60f3\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u548c\u6c11\u65cf\u8bed\u4e4b\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u8bed\u4e49\uff08\u7ed3\u6784\uff09\u540c\u578b\u6027\u3002\u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u5c06 \u015dati<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u91cd\u89c6\u3001\u8d4f\u8bc6\uff09\u7528\u4e8e\u53e4\u5178\u8bed\u8a00\u91cc\u5305\u542b\u7740\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u201c\u7231\u3001\u559c\u6b22\u201d\uff08mi \u015datas \u0109okoladon<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u6211\u559c\u6b22\u5de7\u514b\u529b\uff09\uff1b\u4ee5\u540e\u53c8\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u642c\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u8bcd aprezi<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u6216 apreci<\/i><\/em>\uff09\u6765\u62b5\u507f \u015dati<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u610f\u4e49\uff08mi aprezas vian kontribuon al la debato<\/i><\/em>\uff09\uff08\u6211\u5f88\u91cd\u89c6\u4f60\u5728\u8fd9\u573a\u8fa9\u8bba\u4e2d\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff09\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u8981\u91c7\u7528\u300a\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c15\u6761\u89c4\u5219\u6240\u5bb9\u8bb8\u7684\u201c\u56fd\u9645\u8bcd\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u538b\u529b\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

5.3 \u89c4\u5212\u5316\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u5316<\/b><\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u5728\u5171\u540c\u8bed\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4e24\u79cd\u503e\u5411\u7684\u6597\u4e89\u3002\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u89c4\u5212\u5316\u503e\u5411\uff1a\u8ba1\u5212\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6784\u8bcd\u6cd5\u548c\u6d3e\u751f\u6cd5\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u3001\u5f7b\u5e95\u7cfb\u7edf\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bed\u8a00\u80fd\u591f\u72ec\u7acb\u81ea\u4e3b\u5730\u9760\u5185\u90e8\u52a8\u529b\u521b\u9020\u51fa\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u8bcd\u8bed\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u5316\u503e\u5411\uff1a\u8ba1\u5212\u8bed\u8a00\u5e94\u8be5\u4e25\u683c\u6548\u6cd5\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u201d\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u62c9\u4e01\u8bed\u548c\u62c9\u4e01\u65cf\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6d3e\u751f\u6cd5\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u90e8\u8fde\u8d2f\u6027\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4ecd\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u53d7\u8fc7\u8bed\u8a00\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u6240\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u3001\u4ece\u8bcd\u6e90\u5b66\u4e0a\u770b\u6765\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u6781\u7aef\u89c4\u5212\u5316\u7684\u6837\u672c\u662f\u6c83\u62c9\u666e\u514b\u8bed\uff0c\u6781\u7aef\u81ea\u7136\u5316\u7684\u6837\u672c\u662f\u65e0\u5c48\u6298\u62c9\u4e01\u8bed\uff1b\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6848\u5219\u8fdc\u8fd1\u4e0d\u7b49\u5730\u5904\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6781\u7aef\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002\u2460<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u8bf4\u6765\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u5206\u660e\u5c5e\u4e8e\u89c4\u5212\u5316\u4e00\u6d3e\u3002\u300a\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c15\u6761\u89c4\u5219\uff08\u5b83\u5904\u7406\u201c\u6240\u8c13\u201d\u5916\u6765\u8bcd\uff0c\u5373\u5927\u591a\u6570\u8bed\u8a00\u90fd\u53d6\u81ea\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6765\u6e90\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u8bcd\uff09\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1a\u201c\u5bf9\u6765\u81ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6839\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u8bcd\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u4e0d\u52a0\u6539\u52a8\u5730\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528\u5177\u6709\u57fa\u672c\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u8bcd\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u7684\u8bcd\u5219\u6309\u7167\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u4ece\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u4e0a\u9020\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u201d\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4 teatro<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u620f\u9662\uff09\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fd\u9645\u8bcd\uff08\u5b83\u7684\u8bcd\u6839\u662f teatr-<\/i><\/em>\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u591a\u5c11\u5e26\u70b9\u56fd\u9645\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f62\u5f0f *teatrikala<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u90a3\u7ade\u4e89\u6027\u8bcd\u6839 teatrikal-<\/i><\/em>\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u5b81\u613f\u91c7\u7528\u6309\u89c4\u5219\u9020\u51fa\u7684 teatra<\/i><\/em>\uff08teatr\/a<\/i><\/em>\uff0c\u620f\u5267\u7684\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u867d\u7136\u539f\u5219\u662f\u660e\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u5374\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u7591\u70b9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u201c\u6765\u81ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6839\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bcd\u201d\u542b\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e49\u8574\uff0c\u5219\u4e3b\u5f20\u517c\u91c7\u540c\u6e90\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u7ade\u4e89\u6027\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fd9\u80a1\u4e00\u76f4\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u5316\u538b\u529b\u5c31\u4f1a\u5927\u5927\u589e\u5f3a\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6709 observ\/i<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u89c2\u5bdf\uff09\u8fd9\u4e2a\u52a8\u8bcd\uff1b\u4ece\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7 *observatorio<\/i><\/em>\uff0c\u800c\u6309\u7167\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u6709\u89c4\u5219\u5730\u6d3e\u751f\u51fa observ\/isto<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u89c2\u6d4b\u5458\uff09\u3001observ\/anto<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u89c2\u5bdf\u5458\uff09\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u89c4\u5219\u5730\u6784\u6210\u7684 observ\/ejo<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u89c2\u5bdf\u6240\uff09\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u5e76\u4e0d\u59a8\u788d\u6211\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u8bcd\u6839\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u5bf9\u624b observatori-<\/i><\/em>\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u4e4b\u6210\u4e3a\u6b63\u5f0f\u8bcd\u6839\uff1b\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a observatorio<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5929\u6587\u53f0\u3001\u6c14\u8c61\u53f0\uff09\u5b9e\u5728\u53ea\u7528\u4e8e\u5929\u6587\u6216\u6c14\u8c61\u89c2\u6d4b\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u4e8e\u533b\u5b66\u7684\u3001\u8bed\u97f3\u7684\u6216\u5916\u4ea4\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u8bcd\u6839 administr-<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u7ba1\u7406\uff09\uff1b\u6240\u4ee5\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u8005\u51ed\u8bed\u611f\u5e76\u4e0d\u7518\u5fc3\u60c5\u613f\u63a5\u53d7 administraci\/o<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u7ecf\u7406\u90e8\uff09\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5f62\u662f\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\uff08\u7ecf\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u5728\u300a\u7b2c\u4e09\u6279\u6b63\u5f0f\u589e\u8865\u300b\u4e2d\u8ba4\u53ef\uff09\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u5e72\u8106\u62d2\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528 administrator\/o<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u201c\u7ecf\u7406\u201d\uff0c\u901a\u7528\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3a administr\/anto<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u6216 administr\/isto<\/i><\/em>\uff09\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u662f\u67f4\u95e8\u970d\u592b\u7528\u8fc7\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u89c4\u5212\u5316\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136\u5316\u4e4b\u4e89\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u540d\u76ee\u4e0a\u5c24\u5176\u9690\u7ea6\u53ef\u89c1\u3002Imperialismo<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\uff09\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5f62\u662f\u9887\u6709\u56fd\u9645\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b9a\u4e3a\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u8bcd\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u4e2d\u95f4\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u4eba\u575a\u6301\u8981 imperismo<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u4ece imperi\/o<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5e1d\u56fd\uff09\u7167\u89c4\u5219\u628a\u5b83\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u800c imperialismo<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u5219\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u6d3e\u751f\u81ea imperial\/o<\/i><\/em>\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5c11\u4eba\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\u8bcd\uff1b\u4f46\u90a3\u4e9b\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u4eba\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5b83\u6307\u7684\u662f\u7535\u8f66\u9a6c\u8f66\u7b49\u7684\u9876\u5c42\uff01\u2460<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u5bf9\u7acb\u503e\u5411\u7684\u540d\u76ee\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\uff1a\u201c\u89c4\u5212\u5316\u201d\uff08skem\/ismo<\/i><\/em>\uff09\u7528\u66f4\u81ea\u7136\u5316\u7684\u547d\u540d\u672c\u6765\u5e94\u8be5\u53eb\u505a *skematismo<\/i><\/em>\uff0c\u800c\u201c\u81ea\u7136\u5316\u201d\uff08naturalismo<\/i><\/em>\uff09\u7528\u66f4\u89c4\u5212\u5316\u7684\u547d\u540d\u672c\u6765\u53ef\u4ee5\u79f0\u4e3a natur\/ismo<\/i><\/em>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

Meteor\/o<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u6d41\u661f\uff09\u662f\u4ece\u5b87\u5b99\u843d\u5411\u5730\u7403\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5929\u6c14\u548c\u6c14\u5019\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff08\u6c14\u8c61\u5b66\uff09\u6700\u597d\u4e0d\u79f0\u4e3a meteor\/ologio<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u4f46\u8fd9\u5374\u662f\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u8bcd\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u79f0\u4e3a mete\/ologio<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u8fd9\u662f\u4ece mete\/o<\/i><\/em>\u201c\u6c14\u8c61\u201d\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u89c4\u5212\u5316\u5f62\u5f0f\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4eba\u4eba\u719f\u4e60\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u7528\u8bed\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u89c4\u5212\u5316\u7684\u538b\u529b\u7279\u522b\u5f3a\u5927\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5bb9\u5fcd lern\/ejo<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5b66\u6821\uff09\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u6d3e\u751f\u7684\u4f46\u6beb\u65e0\u56fd\u9645\u6027\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u7528 skolo<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1f\uff08\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f62\u5f0f\u4f5c\u201c\u5b66\u6821\u201d\u89e3\u662f\u5f88\u6709\u56fd\u9645\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u4e2d\u9650\u7528\u4e8e\u5f15\u7533\u4e49\uff1a\u201c\u5b66\u6d3e\u201d\u3002\uff09\u8bb8\u591a\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u4e61\u4e0b\u8bf4\u5230\u5e95\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u7530\u5730\u6784\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 kamp\/aro<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u7530\u91ce\uff09\u4f1a\u6709\u201c\u4e61\u4e0b\u3001\u7a77\u4e61\u50fb\u58e4\u201d\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff1f\u8bcd\u5178\u65e2\u4e0d\u662f\u53ea\u7531\u8bcd\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u8bcd\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ea\u8bcd\u5178\u4e00\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bcd\u5178\u53eb\u505a vort\/aro<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u76f4\u8bd1\uff1a\u201c\u8bcd\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u4f53\u201d\uff09\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u62fc\u5f0f\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u89c4\u5212\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5e94\u8be5\u8bf4\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u4e0d\u5408\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u3002\u2460<\/sup>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u88ab\u6cbf\u7528\u5374\u81f3\u5c11\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4fdd\u5b88\u503e\u5411\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u4e2d\u4e5f\u662f\u5f88\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4e0d\u5c11\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5f62\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u7528\u7684\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u89c4\u5212\u5316\u7684\u6d3e\u751f\u8bcd\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u5316\u7684\u72ec\u4f53\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u201c\u89e3\u6bd2\u5242\u201d\u662f kontra\u016d-dozo<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u548c antidot\/o<\/i><\/em>\uff0c\u201c\u8f7d\u91cd\u6c7d\u8f66\u201d\u662f \u015dar\u011d-a\u016dto<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u6216 \u015dar\u011d-veturilo<\/i><\/em>\uff09\u548c kamion\/o<\/i><\/em>\uff0c\u201c\u519c\u4e1a\u201d\u662f ter-kultivado<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u6216 ter-kulturado, agro-kulturo, agro-kultivo<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u7b49\uff09\u548c agrikultur\/o<\/i><\/em>\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u4e2a\u89c4\u5212\u5316\u7684\u8bcd\u5f62\u660e\u663e\u5730\u80dc\u8fc7\u81ea\u7136\u5316\u7684\u8bcd\u5f62\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 kialo<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u7f18\u6545\uff0c\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u91cc\u603b\u62ec\u4e86\u539f\u56e0\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u4e5f\u6709\u7684\u8bcd\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u4fbf\u4e88\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 mal\/dekstra<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5de6\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8bed\u97f3\u76f8\u8fd1\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u540c\u5b83\u7684\u53cd\u9762 dekstra<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u53f3\uff09\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002\uff08\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 liva<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u6765\u4ee3\u66ff maldekstra<\/i><\/em>\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n

\u4eba\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u4e2d\u5f3a\u5236\u63a8\u884c\u89c4\u5212\u5316\u800c\u8d70\u5411\u6781\u7aef\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u672c\u6765\u5c3d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4 mal\/hiera\u016d<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u76f4\u8bd1\uff1a\u201c\u6628\u5929\u7684\u53cd\u9762\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u4ee3\u66ff morga\u016d<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u660e\u5929\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u8fd9\u4e48\u505a\u3002\u66f4\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6709\u597d\u51e0\u5bf9\u53cd\u4e49\u8bcd\uff0c\u672c\u6765\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6839\u4e0a\u6709\u89c4\u5219\u5730\u6d3e\u751f\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u5374\u5e94\u7528\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u81ea\u7136\u5316\u8bcd\u6839\u3002\u6bd4\u5982 inkluziva<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u5185\u7684\uff09\uff5eekskluziva<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u6392\u9664\u5728\u5916\u7684\uff09\uff0coptimisto<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u4e50\u89c2\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff09\uff5epesimisto<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u60b2\u89c2\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u89c4\u5212\u5316\u7684\u6784\u8bcd\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u6765\u81ea\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u63a8\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u628a\u8bcd\u7f00\u5f53\u4f5c\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u8bcd\u5e72\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u8d77\u521d\uff0c\u57281887\u5e74\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u53ea\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a eble<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\uff09\u3002\u4e0d\u4e45\u4e4b\u540e\u4fbf\u4ece\u67f4\u95e8\u970d\u592b\u81ea\u5df1\u7b14\u4e0b\u5192\u51fa\u6765\u4e86 eblo<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff09\uff0cindo<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u529f\u52b3\uff09\uff0cedzo<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u4e08\u592b\uff09\uff0cre\u0435<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u91cd\u65b0\uff09\uff0cano<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u6210\u5458\uff09\uff0cdis\u0435<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5206\u6563\u5730\uff09\uff0c\u53c8\u4ece\u683c\u62c9\u6ce2\u592b\u65af\u57fa\u7b14\u4e0b\u5192\u51fa\u6765\u4e86 emo<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u503e\u5411\uff0c\u55dc\u597d\uff09\uff0ceksa<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684\uff09\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\uff0ceco<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u6027\u8d28\uff09\uff0cestro<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u9996\u9886\uff09\uff0cigi<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u4f7f\uff09\uff0ceta<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5c0f\u7684\uff09\uff0cingo<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u9798\uff0c\u5957\u5b50\uff09\uff0cino<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5973\u4eba\uff09\uff0caro<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u7fa4\uff0c\u5806\uff09\uff0cilo<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5de5\u5177\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6765\u81ea\u8003\u592b\u66fc\u7b14\u4e0b\u7684 i\u011di<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u53d8\u6210\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e94\u7528\u8d77\u6765\u4e86\u3002Ejo<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u573a\u6240\uff09\uff0ca\u0135o<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u4e1c\u897f\uff09\uff0cido<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u513f\u5b50\uff0c\u96cf\uff09\uff0culo<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u4eba\uff09\uff0ceki<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5f00\u59cb\uff09\u662f\u8fdb\u5165\u672c\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e4b\u540e\u624d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u67f4\u95e8\u970d\u592b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u8981\u5f00\u53d1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bed\u8a00\u4e4b\u6f5c\u529b\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u8005\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528 adi<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u6301\u7eed\uff09\uff0cega<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5927\u7684\uff09\uff0cero<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u7247\u6bb5\uff09\uff0cujo<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5bb9\u5668\uff09\uff0cgea<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u4e24\u6027\u7684\uff09\uff0cpraa<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u539f\u59cb\u7684\uff09\uff0cismo<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u4e3b\u4e49\uff09\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u4eba\u4eec\u975e\u5e38\u7231\u7528\u7684 a\u0109a<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u6076\u52a3\u7684\uff09\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\uff0c\u8fd8\u5168\u9760\u5361\u6d1b\u5bdf\u4f9d1924\u5e74\u7684\u9996\u6b21\u8d77\u7528\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u628a\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u8d2f\u5f7b\u5230\u6240\u6709\u80fd\u8d2f\u5f7b\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u53bb\u3002\u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u7528 ujivo<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u6765\u4ee3\u66ff kapacito<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5bb9\u91cf\uff09\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u770b\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u61c2\u62c9\u4e01\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u65e5\u8033\u66fc\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u89c4\u5212\u5316\u7684\u503e\u5411\u662f\u6709\u5229\u7684\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u672c\u8eab\u591a\u5c11\u9760\u89c4\u5212\u5316\u6765\u6269\u5145\u8bcd\u6c47\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5c31\u66f4\u660e\u663e\u4e86\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u61c2\u5f97\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u6709\u5173\u7684\u8bcd\u6839\u7684\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u5316\u503e\u5411\u8c05\u5fc5\u66f4\u4fbf\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bd5\u7740\u4e0d\u5b66\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u800c\u76f4\u63a5\u7406\u89e3\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u7279\u522b\u611f\u89c9\u51fa\u81ea\u7136\u5316\u7684\u597d\u5904\u3002\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8bed\u8a00\u65f6\u7684\u89c4\u5212\u5316\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6743\u8861\u6b64\u4e2d\u7684\u5229\u5f0a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u503c\u5f97\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u89c4\u5212\u5316\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u5316\u4e4b\u4e89\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u8ba1\u5212\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u6240\u7279\u6709\uff1b\u5728\u6c11\u65cf\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u7684\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53d1\u8fbe\u8bed\u8a00\u90fd\u4f1a\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u6446\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u4fc3\u8fdb\u6d3e\u9762\u524d\uff1a\u65b0\u8bcd\u662f\u501f\u7528\u54ea\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8bcd\u5f62\u597d\u5462\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u65b9\u5f0f\u53bb\u521b\u9020\u6216\u5408\u6210\u597d\u5462\u3002\u5728\u6cd5\u56fd\u3001\u82cf\u8054\u548c\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6280\u672f\u5316\u201d\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u4e2d\u95f4\u5c31\u53d1\u751f\u56fd\u9645\u81ea\u7136\u5316\u548c\u56fd\u7cb9\u89c4\u5212\u5316\u7684\u4e89\u8bba\u2014\u2014\u5c31\u8c61\u5fb7\u56fd\u4eba\u4e89\u8bba\u7a76\u7adf\u201c\u7535\u8bdd\u201d\u8be5\u53eb\u505a Telefon<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u201c\u5fb7\u5f8b\u98ce\u201d\uff09\u8fd8\u662f\u53eb\u505a Fernsprecher<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u201c\u8fdc\u8c08\u673a\u201d\uff09\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u53ef\u5b66\u6027\u3001\u5916\u8bed\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u96be\u6613\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3001\u56fd\u9645\u4ea4\u9645\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u522b\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

5.4 \u5f62\u6001-\u53e5\u6cd5\u8bed\u4e49\u5b66<\/b><\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8c08\u53ca\u8bed\u4e49\u5b66\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u4f1a\u60f3\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u5355\u8bcd\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8bcd\u6c47\u8bed\u4e49\u5b66\uff08\u8bcd\u4e49\u5b66\uff09\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5728\u8f6c\u5165\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bdd\u9898\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u7565\u4e3a\u8c08\u8c08\u8bed\u6cd5\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u8bed\u6cd5\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u5373\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5f62\u6001-\u53e5\u6cd5\u8bed\u4e49\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u6765\u770b\u770b\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u4e0d\u540c\u79cd\u7c7b\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u8303\u7574\u201c\u5f0f\u201d\u3002\u51e0\u4e4e\u5728\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7c7b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u90fd\u533a\u522b\u9648\u8ff0\uff08\u53d9\u8ff0\uff09\u3001\u7948\u4f7f\uff08\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\uff09\u548c\u7591\u95ee\u4e09\u79cd\u53e5\u5b50\u3002\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d9\u8ff0\u7528\u76f4\u9648\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 La lakto estas sur la tablo<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u725b\u5976\u5728\u684c\u5b50\u4e0a\uff09\u3002\u547d\u4ee4\u6216\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u5f62\u5f0f\u2014\u2014\u7948\u4f7f\u5f0f\uff1aMetu la lakton en la \u015drankon!<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u628a\u725b\u5976\u653e\u5230\u67dc\u5b50\u91cc\u53bb\uff01\uff09\u3002\u8be2\u95ee\u4e0d\u7528\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u7528\u52a9\u8bcd\uff08\u0109u<\/i><\/em>\uff09\u6216\u5173\u7cfb\u8bcd\u8868\u91cc\u7684\u7591\u95ee\u8bcd\uff1a\u0108u la lakto estas sur la tablo?<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u725b\u5976\u5728\u684c\u5b50\u4e0a\u5417\uff1f\uff09Kie estas la lakto?<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u725b\u5976\u5728\u54ea\u513f\uff1f\uff09Kio estas sur la tablo?<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u684c\u5b50\u4e0a\u653e\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\uff09\u8bb8\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u8fd8\u4e13\u95e8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u6027\u7684\u5f0f\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f\uff0c\u7528\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f0f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53e5\u5b50\u662f\u9648\u8ff0\u3001\u7948\u4f7f\u8fd8\u662f\u7591\u95ee\u6682\u65f6\u5b58\u800c\u4e0d\u8bba\uff1aEsti sur la tablo…<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u684c\u5b50\u4e0a\u6709\u2026\u2026\uff09\u3002\u2460<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u540c\u6837\u5730\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8bed\u8a00\u90fd\u533a\u522b\u4e24\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\u3002\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u6574\u4f53\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff0c\u95ee\u7684\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6027\u6216\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u90e8\u5206\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff0c\u95ee\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u53e5\u5b50\u91cc\u5934\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u5206\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6574\u4f53\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff0c\u8981\u4e00\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u56de\u7b54\u201c\u662f\u201d\u6216\u201c\u4e0d\u662f\u201d\uff1b\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u90e8\u5206\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff0c\u5219\u7528\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u0108u la lakto estas sur la tablo?<\/i><\/em>\u3014\u6574\u4f53\u7591\u95ee\u3015\uff08\u725b\u5976\u5728\u684c\u5b50\u4e0a\u5417\uff1f\uff09Jes.<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u662f\u7684\u3002\uff09Kie estas la lakto?<\/i><\/em>\u3014\u90e8\u5206\u7591\u95ee\u3015\uff08\u725b\u5976\u5728\u54ea\u513f\uff1f\uff09Sur la tablo.<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5728\u684c\u5b50\u4e0a\u3002\uff09\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u7684\u8fd9\u4e24\u7c7b\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u0108u<\/i><\/em>-\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\u201d\u548c\u201cki<\/i><\/em>-\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u5404\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u662f\uff1a\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u6539\u53d8\u8bed\u8c03\uff1b\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c \u0109u<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u662f\u5426\uff09\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u6216\u8bcd\u7f00\u3002\u2460<\/sup>\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u603b\u7528\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5076\u6216\u51fa\u73b0\u300a\u8bed\u6cd5\u5168\u4e66\u300b\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\uff1a\u201c\u5355\u9760\u53e5\u5b50\u5728\u8bf4\u51fa\u6765\u65f6\u7684\u8bed\u8c03\u4e5f\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u7591\u95ee\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u201d\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u9760\u8bed\u8c03\u6765\u533a\u5206\u9648\u8ff0\u53e5\u548c\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u666e\u904d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bed\u8a00\u91cc\u662f\u7591\u95ee\u7684\u8bed\u8c03\uff0c\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bed\u8a00\u91cc\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u9648\u8ff0\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u5b9e\u8fd8\u4f1a\u7ed9\u56fd\u9645\u8bed\u5e26\u6765\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u2461<\/sup>\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u7c7b\u578b\u4e4b\u95f4\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u4f5c\u8bed\u8c03\u4e0a\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u65b0\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u7684\u8fbe\u4fc4\u65af\u8bed\u548c\u65b0\u51e0\u5185\u4e9a\u7684\u57c3\u5217\u59c6\u8bed\u3002\u9020\u6574\u4f53\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\u8fd8\u6709\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6539\u53d8\u53e5\u5b50\u6210\u5206\u7684\u6b21\u5e8f\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u6b27\u6d32\u8bed\u8a00\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u529e\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5fb7\u8bed\uff1aEr ist krank.<\/i><\/em>\u3014\u4e3b-\u52a8-\u8868\u3015\uff08\u4ed6\u6709\u75c5\u3002\uff09\uff1bIst er krank?<\/i><\/em>\u3014\u52a8-\u4e3b-\u8868\u3015\uff08\u4ed6\u6709\u75c5\u5417\uff1f\uff09\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u8fd9\u79cd\u529e\u6cd5\u8fd8\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u5c11\u89c1\u7684\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u66f4\u7f55\u89c1\u7684\u662f\u5a01\u5c14\u58eb\u8bed\u4e2d\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u201c\u662f\u201d\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0a\u7528\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u7591\u95ee\u5f62\u5f0f\u6765\u8868\u793a\u7591\u95ee\uff1aMae e’n sal.<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u201c\u662f\/\u4ed6\/\u75c5\u201d\uff1a\u4ed6\u6709\u75c5\u3002\uff09\uff1bYdy e’n sal?<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u4ed6\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u75c5\u4e86\uff1f\uff09\u3002\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u7684\u53d1\u8d77\u4eba\u65e0\u7591\u662f\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u6700\u5408\u9002\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\uff0c\u5373\u7528\u7591\u95ee\u52a9\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u90e8\u5206\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff0c\u4fbf\u80fd\u6c42\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u53e5\u5b50\u6210\u5206\uff08\u4e3b\u8bed\u3001\u5bbe\u8bed\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5c0f\u4e00\u70b9\u7684\u77ed\u8bed\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5355\u8bcd\u3002\u5927\u6982\u4e00\u5207\u8bed\u8a00\u90fd\u6709\u9020\u8fd9\u79cd\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u7591\u95ee\u4ee3\u8bcd kio<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u4ec0\u4e48\uff09\u548c kiu<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u8c01\uff0c\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a\uff1f\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u5bf9\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u4e3b\u8bed\u6216\u5bbe\u8bed\u8fdb\u884c\u63d0\u95ee\uff1aKiu venis?<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u8c01\u6765\u4e86\uff1f\uff09\uff1bKion vi faras?<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u4f60\u5728\u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bcd\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u63d0\u95ee\u5176\u4ed6\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u4ecb\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed\u4e2d\uff09\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\uff1aPer kio oni hakas?<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u780d\u4e1c\u897f\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\uff09\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7591\u95ee\u8bcd\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8fd8\u6709\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\uff08kiu<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u54ea\u4e2a\u7684\uff0ckia<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u600e\u6837\u7684\uff09\u3001\u526f\u8bcd\uff08kiel<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u4ee5\u4ec0\u4e48\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0ckie<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u54ea\u513f\uff0ckiam<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\uff0ckial<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u4ec0\u4e48\u539f\u56e0\uff0ckiom<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u591a\u5c11\uff09\u548c\u5c5e\u683c\uff08kies<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u8c01\u7684\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e1c\u897f\u7684\uff09\u3002\u5c31\u8c61\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6709\u4e24\u91cd\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u4e5f\u8d77\u5173\u7cfb\u8bcd\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4e5f\u8c61\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u8981\u79fb\u7f6e\u4e8e\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u5934\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u2460<\/sup>\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u6781\u4e3a\u4f17\u591a\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u4e2d\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u52a8\u8bcd\u6027\u548c\u4ecb\u8bcd\u6027\u7591\u95ee\u8bcd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3e\u4f8b\u8bf4\u660e\u5982\u4e0b\u3002\u8bf7\u770b\u88681\u91cc\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u548c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u9020\u6210\u7684 ki<\/i><\/em>-\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u88681<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

Maria vidis la lakton en la \u015dranko.<\/i><\/em>
\n\u739b\u4e3d\u5728\u67dc\u5b50\u91cc\u770b\u89c1\u4e86\u725b\u5976\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u7531\u4e3b\u8bed Maria<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u739b\u4e3d\uff09\u3001\u8c13\u8bed vidis<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u770b\u89c1\u4e86\uff09\u3001\u5bbe\u8bed la lakton<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u725b\u5976\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u9644\u52a0\u8bed en la \u015dranko<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5728\u67dc\u5b50\u91cc\uff09\u6240\u6784\u6210\u3002\u2460<\/sup>\u56db\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u6210\u5206\u91cc\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u7531\u540d\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u6216\u5305\u542b\u540d\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u62ec\u5f27\u4e0b\u7684 SS \u628a\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u8868\u793a\u51fa\u6765\u3002\uff08\u62ec\u5f27\u663e\u793a\u7684\u662f\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u6240\u8c13\u8868\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5373\u591a\u5c11\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u770b\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u7528 kiu<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u6216 kio<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u4ee3\u66ff\u6bcf\u4e2a\u540d\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u9020\u51fa\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u5230\uff082a\uff09\u2014\uff082c\uff09\u5404\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u88682<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

\uff082a\uff09Kiu vidis la lakton en la \u015dranko?<\/i><\/em>
\n\u8c01\u5728\u67dc\u5b50\u91cc\u770b\u89c1\u4e86\u725b\u5976\uff1f<\/p>\n

\uff082b\uff09Maria vidis kion en la \u015dranko?<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u21d2 Kion Maria vidis en la \u015dranko?<\/i><\/em>
\n\u739b\u4e3d\u5728\u67dc\u5b50\u91cc\u770b\u89c1\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/p>\n

\uff082c\uff09Maria vidis la lakton en kio?<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u21d2 En kio Maria vidis la lakton?<\/i><\/em>
\n\u739b\u4e3d\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e1c\u897f\u91cc\u9762\u770b\u89c1\u4e86\u725b\u5976\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u4e3a\u9644\u52a0\u8bed en la \u015dranko<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u662f\u8868\u793a\u5904\u6240\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6362\u4e00\u4e2a\u5904\u6240\u526f\u8bcd\u6765\u63d0\u95ee\uff0c\u5982\uff083\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u88683<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

\uff083\uff09Maria vidis la lakton kie?<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u21d2 Kie Maria vidis la lakton?<\/i><\/em>
\n\u739b\u4e3d\u5728\u54ea\u513f\u770b\u89c1\u4e86\u725b\u5976\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\u5728 vidis<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u63d0\u95ee\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u662f\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff1b\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u8c61 *ki-i<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u6027\u7591\u95ee\u8bcd\u6765\u9020\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\uff085\uff09\u56de\u7b54\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\uff084\uff09\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u4ecb\u8bcd\u6027\u7591\u95ee\u8bcd\uff08\u59d1\u4e14\u5047\u5b9a\u4e3a *kiep<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u5427\uff09\u6765\u9020\u51fa\u4ee5\uff087\uff09\u4e3a\u7b54\u6848\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\uff086\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u88684\u20147<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

\uff084\uff09*Maria kiis la lakton en la \u015dranko?<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u21d2 *Kis Maria la lakton en la \u015dranko?<\/i><\/em>
\n\u739b\u4e3d\u4ec0\u4e48\u67dc\u5b50\u91cc\u7684\u725b\u5976\u5566\uff1f<\/p>\n

\uff085\uff09Vidis. \u015ci vidis \u011din.<\/i><\/em>\uff08Trinkis. A\u0109etis. Rifuzis…<\/i><\/em>\uff09
\n\u770b\u89c1\u4e86\u3002\u5979\u770b\u89c1\u4e86\u725b\u5976\u3002\uff08\u559d\u4e86\u3002\u4e70\u4e86\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u2026\u2026\uff09<\/p>\n

\uff086\uff09*Maria vidis la lakton kiep la \u015dranko?<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u21d2 *Kiep la \u015dranko Maria vidis la lakton?<\/i><\/em>
\n\u739b\u4e3d\u5728\u67dc\u5b50\u4ec0\u4e48\u770b\u89c1\u725b\u5976\u5566\uff1f\uff08\u739b\u4e3d\u770b\u89c1\u67dc\u5b50\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684\u725b\u5976\u5566\uff1f\uff09<\/p>\n

\uff087\uff09En. En la \u015dranko.<\/i><\/em>\uff08Sub. Ekster. Sur…<\/i><\/em>\uff09
\n\u91cc\u5934\uff08\u7684\uff09\u3002\u67dc\u5b50\u91cc\u5934\u7684\uff08\u7684\uff09\u3002\u3014\u4e0b\u9762\uff08\u7684\uff09\u3002\u5916\u9762\uff08\u7684\uff09\u3002\u4e0a\u9762\uff08\u7684\uff09\u2026\u2026\u3015<\/p>\n

\u5728\u201c\u5f62\u6001-\u53e5\u6cd5\u8bed\u4e49\u5b66\u201d\u7684\u5927\u9898\u76ee\u4e0b\u6709\u5404\u79cd\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u65f6\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u6570\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u5355\u6570\/\u590d\u6570\uff09\u3001\u6027\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u8bb8\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u9644\u5e26\u7740\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\uff09\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u6709\u90a3\u4e48\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5176\u8868\u8fbe\u529f\u80fd\u53d1\u6325\u5f97\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u4f46\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u8981\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\uff08\u6216\uff09\u6570\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1b\u6709\u5173\u7684\u8bed\u4e49\u4fe1\u606f\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u4ed6\u529e\u6cd5\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u526f\u8bcd\u4e4b\u7c7b\uff09\u6765\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u5e38\u5e38\u5c31\u5e72\u8106\u5ffd\u7565\u8fc7\u53bb\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u4e2d\uff0c\u65f6\u7684\u8303\u7574\u5bf9\u52a8\u8bcd\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\uff0c\u6570\u7684\u8303\u7574\u5bf9\u540d\u8bcd\u6765\u8bf4\u4e5f\u662f\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\uff1b\u6ca1\u6709\u90a3\u79cd\u5728\u65f6\u65b9\u9762\u5b8c\u5168\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u76f4\u9648\u5f0f\uff0c\u2460<\/sup>\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u6570\u65b9\u9762\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5927\u9898\u76ee\u4e0b\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u8c08\u8c08\u4eba\u79f0\u4ee3\u8bcd\u3002\u4ee3\u8bcd\u9648\u8ff0\u7684\u4e60\u60ef\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u201c\u4eba\u79f0\u201d\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u79f0\uff08\u8bf4\u8bdd\u8005\uff09\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4eba\u79f0\uff08\u5bf9\u4e4b\u8bf4\u8bdd\u7684\u4eba\uff09\u3001\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\uff08\u6240\u8c08\u53ca\u7684\u4eba\uff09\u3002\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4eba\u79f0\u4ee3\u8bcd\u90fd\u662f\u4e0d\u5300\u79f0\u7684\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u4e5f\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\uff1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u79f0\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\u5fc5\u987b\u6307\u660e\u6570\uff0c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4eba\u79f0\u5219\u65e0\u6b64\u5fc5\u8981\u3002\uff08\u4ee3\u8bcd ci<\/i><\/em>\u201c\u6c5d\uff0c\u5c14\u201d\u6216\u8005\u662f\u53e4\u8bed\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u67d0\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u8868\u8fbe\u6548\u679c\u624d\u4f7f\u7528\uff1b\u4f46\u5728\u5bf9\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u8bf4\u8bdd\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5b83\u4ece\u6765\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002\uff09\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\u5355\u6570\u90a3\u513f\u2014\u2014\u522b\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u2014\u2014\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u6027\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1ali<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u4ed6\uff0c\u9633\u6027\uff09\uff0c\u015di<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5979\uff0c\u9634\u6027\uff09\uff0c\u011di<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5b83\uff0c\u4e2d\u6027\uff09\u3002\u6b27\u6d32\u5916\u7684\u4e0d\u5c11\u8bed\u8a00\u5fc5\u987b\u533a\u522b\u4e24\u79cd\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u5305\u62ec\u5f0f\u7684\u201c\u54b1\u4eec\u201d\uff08\u8bf4\u8bdd\u8005\u52a0\u4e0a\u542c\u8bdd\u8005\u2014\u2014\u201c\u6211\u548c\u4f60\u3014\u4eec\u3015\u201d\uff09\u548c\u6392\u9664\u5f0f\u7684\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u201d\uff08\u8bf4\u8bdd\u8005\u52a0\u4e0a\u53e6\u5916\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u542c\u8bdd\u8005\u2014\u2014\u201c\u6211\u548c\u4ed6\u3014\u4eec\u3015\u201d\uff09\u3002\u5728\u82f1\u8bed\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u65b0\u51e0\u5185\u4e9a\u548c\u7f8e\u62c9\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9a\u5176\u4f59\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u90a3\u79cd\u6d0b\u6cfe\u6d5c\u82f1\u8bed\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u3002\uff08\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u5df2\u7ecf\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u51fa\u7248\u6742\u5fd7\u3001\u505a\u5e7f\u544a\u548c\u53d1\u5e03\u516c\u544a\u4e86\u3002\uff09\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u548c\u201c\u65b0\u7f8e\u62c9\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9a\u8bed\u201d\u7684\u4ee3\u8bcd\u6bd4\u8f83\u89c1\u88688\u3002<\/p>\n

\u88688<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u4e16\u754c\u8bed<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\n\u65b0\u7f8e\u62c9\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9a\u8bed<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\n\u6c49\u8bd1<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
mi<\/i><\/em><\/td>\nmi<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\u6211<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
mi<\/i><\/em><\/td>\nmitu<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\u201c\u6211\u4f60\u201d\uff0c\u54b1\u4eec\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5f0f\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ni<\/i><\/em><\/td>\nmipela<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\u6211\u4eec\uff08\u6392\u9664\u5f0f\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
vi<\/i><\/em><\/td>\nyu<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\u4f60<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
vi<\/i><\/em><\/td>\nyupela<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\u4f60\u4eec<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
li<\/i><\/em><\/td>\nem<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\u4ed6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u015di<\/i><\/em><\/td>\nta<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\u5979<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u011di<\/i><\/em><\/td>\ngita<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\u5b83<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ili<\/i><\/em><\/td>\nol<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\u4ed6\uff08\u5979\uff0c\u5b83\uff09\u4eec<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u5728\u82e5\u5e72\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4ee3\u8bcd\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\uff08\u5c0a\u5351\uff09\u4e4b\u522b\u3002\u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u90fd\u53ea\u79f0\u201c\u4f60\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u8981\u79f0\u201c\u9601\u4e0b\u60a8\u201d\uff0c\u6216\u201c\u4f60\u201d\uff08\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u4f19\u4f34\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u201c\u5c14\u201d\uff08\u624b\u4e0b\u4eba\uff09\u3002\u5728\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e1c\u65b9\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u85cf\u8bed\u3001\u722a\u54c7\u8bed\u3001\u6cf0\u8bed\u3001\u671d\u9c9c\u8bed\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u656c\u4f53\u201d\u5728\u76f8\u5f53\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u8bcd\u6c47\u91cc\u968f\u5904\u53ef\u89c1\u3002\u5728\u6cf0\u8bed\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bf4\u5230\u56fd\u738b\u7684\u624b\u8981\u7528\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n

5.5 \u610f\u4e49\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd<\/b><\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u4ece\u5171\u65f6\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u5728\u8bcd\u4e0e\u8bcd\u4e4b\u95f4\u2014\u2014\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u5f97\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u4e9b\uff0c\u5728\u8bcd\u6c47\u6210\u5206\u4e0e\u8bcd\u6c47\u6210\u5206\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u79cd\u591a\u6837\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6709\u540c\u4e49\u6027\u3001\u53cd\u4e49\u6027\u3001\u591a\u4e49\u6027\u3001\u8fd1\u97f3\u6027\u3001\u4e0b\u4e49\u6027\uff08\u53ca\u5176\u53cd\u9762\uff09\u3001\u5bf9\u4e3e\u6027\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c31\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5173\u7cfb\u4f9d\u6b21\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u8bed\u8a00\u91cc\u6070\u597d\u5177\u6709\u540c\u4e00\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5c31\u662f\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u4e2d\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4ec5\u6709\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u540c\u4e49\u6027\u5019\u9009\u8005\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\uff08i\uff09\u540c\u4e00\u5730\u540d\u6216\u4eba\u540d\uff08\u6c11\u65cf\u540d\uff09\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u88689\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u88689<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u011ceneva Lago<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\nLemano<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\uff08\u65e5\u5185\u74e6\u6e56\uff09<\/td>\n <\/td>\n\uff08\u83b1\u8499\u6e56\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
abiseno<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\netiopo<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\uff08\u963f\u6bd4\u897f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\uff09<\/td>\n <\/td>\n\uff08\u57c3\u585e\u4fc4\u6bd4\u4e9a\u4eba\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kandio<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5e72\u5730\u4e9a\u5c9b\uff0c\u610f\u5927\u5229\u8bed\u79f0\u547c\uff09<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\nKreto<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u514b\u91cc\u7279\u5c9b\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Korfu<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u79d1\u5b5a\u5c9b\uff0c\u610f\u5927\u5229\u8bed\u79f0\u547c\uff09<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\nKorciro<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u79d1\u57fa\u62c9\u5c9b\uff0c\u5e0c\u814a\u8bed\u79f0\u547c\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Odiseo<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\nUliso<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\uff08\u4fc4\u5e95\u4fee\u65af\uff09<\/td>\n <\/td>\n\uff08\u5c24\u5229\u897f\u65af\uff0c\u7f57\u9a6c\u795e\u8bdd\u4eba\u7269\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\uff08ii\uff09\u540c\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u5f62\u5f0f\uff08\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u8005\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u5019\u9009\u8005\u4e2d\u51b3\u5b9a\u7528\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u886810\uff1b<\/p>\n

\u886810<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
trajno<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\nvagonaro<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\uff08\u706b\u8f66\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u4e0a\u65875.3\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
gazono<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\nrazeno<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\uff08\u56ed\u4e2d\u7684\u8349\u5730\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
apuso<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\ncipselo<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\uff08\u8910\u96e8\u71d5\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pla\u011do<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\nstrando<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\uff08\u5cb8\u8fb9\u7684\u6c99\u6ee9\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ja\u0125to<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\njakto<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\uff08\u6e38\u8247\uff0c\u5feb\u8247\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
meringo<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\nmeringelo<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\uff08\u86cb\u5236\u751c\u997c\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u8fd9\u79cd\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u7684\u5355\u5b50\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u7f29\u5c0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6216\u8005\u662f\u7ade\u4e89\u53cc\u65b9\u6709\u80dc\u6709\u8d25\u2014\u2014\u4f8b\u5982\u66fe\u4e00\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u7684 \u0125ino<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u8ba9\u4f4d\u4e8e \u0109ino<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\uff09\uff0c\u66fe\u4e00\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u7684 konkiri<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u8ba9\u4f4d\u4e8e\u73b0\u5728\u6b63\u5f0f\u786e\u5b9a\u7684 konkeri<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5f81\u670d\uff09\uff1b\u6216\u8005\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u65f6\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u5f00\u59cb\u4ea7\u751f\u5206\u5316\u2014\u2014\u4f8b\u5982 pla\u011do<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u662f\u63a5\u5f85\u5ea6\u5047\u8005\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u7ecf\u8425\u7684\u6d74\u573a\uff0c\u800c strando<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4ecd\u7136\u5904\u4e8e\u5929\u7136\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u3001\u65e0\u4eba\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u6d77\u6ee9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u540c\u4e49\u6027\u89c1\u4e8e\u8c61 kapdoloro<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u548c cefalalgio<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5934\u75db\uff09\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u5bf9\u513f\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8bcd\u6c47\u4e2d\u7684\u666e\u901a\u7528\u8bed\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e13\u95e8\u672f\u8bed\u3002\u522b\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u5982\u886811\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u886811<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
blindero<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\nama\u016drozo<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\uff08\u5931\u660e\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
kormalsano<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\nkardiopatio<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\uff08\u5fc3\u810f\u75c5\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
neforgesumino<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\nmiozoto<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\uff08\u52ff\u5fd8\u8349\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
kanguruo<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\nmakropo<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\uff08\u888b\u9f20\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ka\u0109aloto<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\nmakrocefalo<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\uff08\u62b9\u9999\u9cb8\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
insularo<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\narkipelago<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n\uff08\u7fa4\u5c9b\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u6761\u7406\u7531\u4f7f\u8fd9\u79cd\u53cc\u91cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u771f\u6b63\u540c\u4e49\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bed\u5883\uff0c\u5e26\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bed\u4f53\u8272\u5f69\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u88ab\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8c08\u8bba\u8005\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u2014\u2014\u5bf9\u95e8\u5916\u6c49\u8bf4\u8bdd\u6211\u4e0d\u59a8\u7528 kormalsano<\/i><\/em>\u2026\u2026\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6240\u6307\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u4e0d\u4f1a\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u6bcf\u4e00\u53ea kanguruo<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u90fd\u662f makropo<\/i><\/em>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u533a\u522b makropo<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u548c valabio<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u8d1f\u9f20\uff1b\u800c\u5728\u95e8\u5916\u6c49\u773c\u91cc\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u90fd\u662f kanguruo<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u888b\u9f20\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u5982\u5728\u6240\u6709\u522b\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u98ce\u683c\u7684\u7528\u8bed\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u4eba\u4e0d\u8bf4\u8bdd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u201cBavolu silenti!<\/i><\/em>\u201d\uff08\u8bf7\u5b89\u9759\uff01\uff09\u3002\u4e0d\u5927\u5ba2\u6c14\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5149\u8bf4\u201cSilentu!<\/i><\/em>\u201d\uff08\u5b89\u9759\uff01\u522b\u8bf4\u8bdd\uff01\uff09\u3002\u5f88\u7c97\u91ce\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u4f1a\u662f\u201cFermu la fa\u016dkon!<\/i><\/em>\u201d\uff08\u4f4f\u5634\uff01\uff09\u3002\u8f83\u6709\u793c\u8c8c\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff08\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5f88\u8bb2\u7a76\u793c\u8c8c\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff09\u5c31\u4f1a\u53ea\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u7565\u5e26\u72b9\u8c6b\u7684\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\uff1a\u201c\u0108u vi bonvolus paroli iom pli malla\u016dte, mi petas?<\/i><\/em>\u201d\uff08\u52b3\u9a7e\uff0c\u60a8\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4\u8bdd\u58f0\u97f3\u8f7b\u70b9\u513f\uff1f\uff09\u3002\u5927\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u5b9a\uff0c\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u540c\u4e49\u7684\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\u4ece\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0a\u7740\u773c\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u6d88\u8bf4\u5177\u6709\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u201c\u540c\u4e49\u201d\u60c5\u5f62\u89c1\u4e8e\u8c61 politikisto<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u3001\u653f\u5ba2\uff09\u548c statisto<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u3001\u56fd\u52a1\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bb6\uff09\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u5bf9\u8bcd\uff1b\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u90a3\u4e9b\u4eca\u5929\u662f\u53cd\u5bf9\u515a\u7684\u653f\u5ba2\u3001\u660e\u5929\u5374\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u9886\u5bfc\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u56fd\u52a1\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bb6\u8fd9\u79cd\u4eba\u6240\u5728\u7684\u56fd\u5ea6\u91cc\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u53cd\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u653f\u6743\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u79f0\u4e3a naci-liberigaj herooj<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u6c11\u65cf\u89e3\u653e\u82f1\u96c4\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u79f0\u4e3a teroristoj<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u6050\u6016\u5206\u5b50\uff09\uff1b\u5f53\u7136\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u5e26\u70b9\u4e2d\u6027\u5473\u513f\u7684\u53eb\u6cd5\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 ribelantoj<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u53db\u4e71\u8005\uff0c\u9020\u53cd\u6d3e\uff09\u3001partizanoj<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u6d3b\u52a8\u515a\u4eba\uff09\u3001gerilanoj<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u6e38\u51fb\u8005\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3 insurgentoj<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u66b4\u52a8\u8005\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u5c31\u8981\u8ba8\u8bba\u5230\u6e29\u548c\u63aa\u8f9e\u548c\u59d4\u5a49\u8bf4\u6cd5\u4e86\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f morti<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u6b7b\uff09\u548c forpasi<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u901d\u4e16\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u907f\u514d\u90a3\u4e2a\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u3001\u56e0\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7c97\u9c81\u7684\u5b57\u773c morti<\/i><\/em>\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528 forpasi<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u8d70\u5f00\uff0c\u901d\u53bb\uff09\u7684\u5f15\u7533\u610f\u4e49\u6765\u8868\u8fbe\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u610f\u601d\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u91cc\u90fd\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u5173\u4e8e\u4eba\u4f53\u53ca\u5176\u673a\u80fd\u7684\u59d4\u5a49\u8bcd\u8bed\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u5c31\u6709 el\u0109erpi akvon<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5c0f\u4fbf\uff09\uff5eurini<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u6392\u5c3f\uff09\uff5episi<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u6492\u5c3f\uff09\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bf4\u6cd5\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u5373\u8bb2\u7a76\u793c\u8c8c\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u3001\u4e0d\u62d8\u793c\u8c8c\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002\u2460<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4eba\u4eba\u719f\u4e60\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u8bcd\u8bed\u548c\u4e0d\u5927\u4e3a\u4eba\u6240\u77e5\u7684\u5b66\u7a76\u5b57\u773c\uff08\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5916\u6765\u8bed\uff09\u7684\u53d6\u820d\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bed\u4f53\u6548\u679c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u6211\u7684\u6587\u53e5\u4e2d\u5145\u65a5\u7740\u4f60\u4eec\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u61c2\u7684\u7528\u8bed\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4e0d\u5149\u662f\u5bf9\u4f60\u4eec\u5f88\u4e0d\u793c\u8c8c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u4e00\u5b9a\u6ca1\u6cd5\u5b50\u628a\u60f3\u5bf9\u4f60\u4eec\u8bf4\u7684\u8bdd\u8bf4\u6e05\u695a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\u4e0d\u5355\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e3a\u6570\u4e0d\u591a\u7684\u53cc\u91cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8bed\u4f53\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u5e38\u5e38\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\uff1a\u51e0\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5177\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff08\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u5207\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff09\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u3002\u9f50\u6c83\u8036\uff08Givoje 1973\uff09\u5728\u4ed6\u90a3\u672c\u5f88\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u5f00\u5c71\u4e4b\u4f5c\u4e2d\u6240\u5f00\u5217\u7684\u201c\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u201d\u5355\u5b50\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5c31\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a forta<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5f3a\uff09\u7684\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\uff0c\u4ed6\u5217\u4e3e\u4e86 firma, fortika, neskuebla, persist\u0430, potenca, pova<\/i><\/em>\u3002\u7684\u786e\uff0c\u5728\u8c61 Sinjoro A havas fortan karakteron<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u67d0\u541b\u5177\u6709\u575a\u5f3a\u7684\u6027\u683c\uff09\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a fortan<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u6362\u6210 firman, potencan<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u4e4b\u7c7b\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u81f4\u5927\u5927\u6539\u53d8\u539f\u6765\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e Tiu froma\u011do havas fortan odoron<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u90a3\u5e72\u916a\u6709\u4e00\u80a1\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u6c14\u5473\uff09\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u4e2d\u627e\u4e00\u4e2a\u53bb\u4ee3\u66ff fortan<\/i><\/em>\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u51fa\u8bed\u8352\u5510\u4e4b\u865e\u4e86\uff1a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f fortika odoro<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u575a\u56fa\u7684\u6c14\u5473\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u8005 neskuebla odoro<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u4e0d\u53ef\u52a8\u6447\u7684\u6c14\u5473\uff09\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u79cd\u534a\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u5728\u4e00\u5207\u8bed\u8a00\u91cc\u90fd\u6210\u6279\u5730\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u3002\u5728\u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d\uff0c\u534a\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u7279\u522b\u591a\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u7279\u522b\u590d\u6742\uff1b\u8fd9\u7ed9\u9009\u62e9\u56fd\u9645\u5171\u540c\u8bed\u7684\u4e89\u8bba\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u4ece\u8bed\u8a00\u53f2\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u82f1\u8bed\u8bcd\u6c47\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u751a\u81f3\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8868\u8fbe\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u8bcd\u5e38\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u6765\u6e90\u91cc\u5f97\u5230\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8868\u8fbe\u201c\u5144\u5f1f\u7684\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u82f1\u8bed\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u65e5\u8033\u66fc\u8bed\u65cf\uff08\u76ce\u683c\u9c81-\u6492\u514b\u900a\u8bed\uff09\u7684\u8bcd brotherly<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u53ef\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6709\u62c9\u4e01\u8bed\u65cf\u7684\u8bcd fraternal<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u53ef\u7528\u3002\u8bf4\u201c\u6df1\u201d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u65e5\u8033\u66fc\u5f0f\u7684 deep<\/i><\/em>\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u62c9\u4e01\u5f0f\u7684 profound<\/i><\/em>\u3002\u7528\u6765\u5750\u7684\u5bb6\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u53eb\u505a stool<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u51f3\u5b50\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53eb\u505a chair<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u6905\u5b50\u3001\u51f3\u5b50\uff09\u3002\u201c\u738b\u5bb6\u7684\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u8bd1\u6cd5\uff1a\u4ece\u76ce\u683c\u9c81-\u6492\u514b\u900a\u8bed\u6765\u7684 kingly<\/i><\/em>\uff0c\u4ece\u6cd5\u8bed\u6765\u7684 royal<\/i><\/em>\uff0c\u4ece\u62c9\u4e01\u8bed\u6765\u7684 regal<\/i><\/em>\u3002\u8bda\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u4f7f\u82f1\u8bed\u7684\u8bcd\u5e93\u5f02\u5e38\u5e9e\u5927\u800c\u4e30\u5bcc\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u7ed9\u90a3\u4e9b\u60f3\u5b66\u4e60\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4eba\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u591a\u5230\u8bf4\u4e0d\u6e05\u7684\u9ebb\u70e6\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u79cd\u53cc\u91cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u53ea\u662f\u90e8\u5206\u540c\u4e49\u7684\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u9009\u62e9\u9519\u4e86\u5c31\u8981\u95f9\u5927\u7b11\u8bdd\u3002\u867d\u7136\u201c\u6df1\u601d\u201d\uff08\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f deep thoughts<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u6216 profound thoughts<\/i><\/em>\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u201c\u6df1\u6c34\u201d\u53ea\u80fd\u662f deep water<\/i><\/em>\uff0c\u800c\u51b3\u4e0d\u80fd\u662f *profound water<\/i><\/em>\u3002\u8bf4\u5b9e\u5728\u8bdd\uff0c\u5728\u4e3a\u56fd\u9645\u8bed\u4ea4\u9645\u63d0\u4f9b\u8bed\u8a00\u5019\u9009\u8005\u65f6\uff0c\u533a\u5206 kingly\uff5eroyal\uff5eregal<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u662f\u56f0\u96be\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u591a\u4f59\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\u90a3\u4e9b\u6ca1\u80fd\u5f04\u6e05\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u533a\u522b\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u8005\uff08\u6307\u4ee5\u82f1\u8bed\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8bed\u8a00\u6216\u5916\u56fd\u8bed\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\uff09\u5fc5\u987b\u5b66\u4f1a\u8fa8\u8ba4\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u8bcd\u3002\u9057\u61be\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u534a\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u504f\u504f\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u6781\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8868\u8fbe\u201c\u5feb\u201d\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u8bcd\u5e93\u9614\u4f6c\u4f1a\u624b\u5fd9\u811a\u4e71\u5730\u7aef\u51fa\u81f3\u5c11\u516d\u4e2a\u8bcd\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7684\u4e49\u8574\u90fd\u6709\u5dee\u522b\uff1afast, quick, rapid, swift, speedy, high-speed<\/i><\/em>\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u91cc\u6ca1\u542c\u8bf4\u8fc7\u6709\u8fd9\u79cd\u590d\u6742\u60c5\u5f62\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u6210\u5206\u4e0e\u5b83\u4eec\u6240\u53cd\u6620\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6587\u5316\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u8bed\u8a00\u90fd\u6709\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bd1\u6210\u201c\u5171\u548c\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u6c11\u4e3b\u201d\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bcd\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u6700\u5927\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u515a\u751a\u81f3\u5c31\u53eb\u5171\u548c\u515a\u548c\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u5e0c\u814a\u8bed\u4e2d\u5374\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a \/\u00f0imokra\u02c8tia\/<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u65e2\u6709\u201c\u5171\u548c\u201d\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u53c8\u6709\u201c\u6c11\u4e3b\u201d\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002\u6b64\u5916\u8fd8\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u6c11\u4e3b\u201d\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u6210\u5927\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u653f\u6cbb\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u3002\u2460<\/sup><\/p>\n

5.6 \u5176\u4ed6\u610f\u4e49\u5173\u7cfb<\/b><\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u8981\u5728\u591a\u4e49\u6027\u548c\u540c\u7b26\u6027\uff08\u540c\u97f3\u6027\uff1ahomonimio<\/i><\/em>\uff09\u4e4b\u95f4\u5212\u5b9a\u4e00\u6761\u754c\u9650\u662f\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u3002\u591a\u4e49\u6027\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u610f\u601d\uff1b\u540c\u7b26\u6027\u5c31\u662f\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bcd\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8bed\u97f3\u548c\u6587\u5b57\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u2461<\/sup>\u591a\u4e49\u8bcd\u7684\u9002\u4f8b\u662f plumo<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u548c folio<\/i><\/em>\u3002Plumo<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u9e1f\u7fbd\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u94a2\u7b14\u3002\u4ece\u524d\u7684\u7b14\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u9e1f\u7fbd\u5236\u6210\uff08\u6240\u4ee5\u4e8c\u8005\u6709\u5173\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u73b0\u5728\u8bf4\u5230\u7528\u91d1\u5c5e\u6216\u5851\u6599\u5236\u9020\u7684\u7b14\u8fd8\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u3002Folio<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u672c\u6765\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u690d\u7269\u7684\u53f6\u5b50\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u88ab\u7c7b\u63a8\u5e94\u7528\u6765\u6307\u4e66\u7c4d\u3001\u7eb8\u5f20\u7684\u201c\u53f6\u201d\uff08\u6b63\u53cd\u4e24\u9875\uff09\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u6307\u91d1\u7b94\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5bf9\u522b\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bcd\uff0c\u5bf9\u66f4\u52a0\u5178\u578b\u7684\u8bcd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u600e\u4e48\u8ba1\u7b97\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4e49\u9879\u5462\uff1fMeti<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u4f5c\u201c\u653e\u7f6e\u201d\u7b49\u89e3\uff09\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u79cd\u610f\u601d\uff0cPIV \u5217\u51fa\u4e09\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u5916\u52a0\u4e00\u79cd\u6bd4\u55bb\u610f\u4e49\uff08\u8f6c\u4e49\uff09\uff1b\u2460<\/sup>\u4f46\u662f\u90a3\u4e09\u79cd\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\uff0c\u5f53\u4e2d\u6709\u4e9b\u5fae\u7ec6\u5dee\u522b\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5982\u8bf4 meti<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u53ea\u662f\u5355\u4e49\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u80af\u5b9a\u4e0e\u5177\u6709\u53cc\u91cd\u610f\u4e49\u7684 plumo<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u548c folio<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u8457\u540d\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u5bb6\u8212\u54c8\u7279\uff081842\u20141927\uff09\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff1a\u201c\u901a\u7528\u8bed\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u662f\uff1a\u8ba9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bcd\u53ea\u6709\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u4e5f\u53ea\u7528\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u201dPIV \u5728 signifi<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u90a3\u4e00\u6761\u5374\u56de\u7b54\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8981\u6c42\u56fd\u9645\u8bed\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6210\u4e3a\u5355\u4e49\u8bcd\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7a7a\u60f3\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u540c\u7b26\u8bcd\uff08\u540c\u97f3\u8bcd\uff09\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bcd\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u4e2d\u662f\u7f55\u89c1\u7684\uff1b\u540c\u5145\u65a5\u7740\u540c\u7b26\u8bcd\u7684\u82f1\u8bed\u548c\u6cd5\u8bed\u6bd4\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5c31\u66f4\u52a0\u660e\u663e\u4e86\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u4e3e ero<\/i><\/em>\uff081. \u7247\u6bb5\uff1b2. \u65f6\u4ee3\uff09\u4e3a\u4f8b\u3002\u7136\u800c\u6070\u6070\u5c31\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u8005\u4eec\u4e5f\u4e60\u60ef\u4e8e\u91c7\u7528\u8fd1\u97f3\u8bcd\uff08\u5373\u6765\u6e90\u76f8\u540c\u800c\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0a\u6709\u5dee\u522b\u7684\u8bcd\uff09\u6765\u907f\u514d\u540c\u97f3\u8bcd\u7684\u9ebb\u70e6\uff0c\u5373\u628a\u4f5c\u201c\u65f6\u4ee3\u201d\u89e3\u7684 ero<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u62fc\u6210 erao<\/i><\/em>\u3002\u2461<\/sup>\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u540c\u97f3\u8bcd\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u53ea\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u672f\u8bed\u4e2d\u624d\u80fd\u627e\u5230\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 astragalo<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u6216 monitoro<\/i><\/em>\u3002\u2460<\/sup>\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u4efb\u4f55\u6df7\u6dc6\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u7528\u5bf9\u4e3e\u8bcd\u8bed\u6307 a\u0109eti\u2014vendi<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u4e70\u5356\uff09\uff0cdoni\u2014ricevi<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u6388\u53d7\uff09\u4e4b\u7c7b\u8bcd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bcd\u5728\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u662f\u4e92\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u7684\uff1b\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u679c\u7532\u628a\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u5356\u7ed9\u4e59\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e5f\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u4e59\u4ece\u7532\u90a3\u91cc\u4e70\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u53cd\u4e49\u8bcd\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 granda\uff5emalgranda<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u5927\uff5e\u5c0f\uff09\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u8bed\u4e49\u5bf9\u4e3e\u8bcd\u8bed\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4f8b\u5b50\u5982\uff1adebitoro\u2014kreditoro<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u501f\u8d37\u53cc\u65b9\uff09\uff0cedzo\u2014edzino<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u592b\u59bb\uff09\uff0cinstruisto\u2014lernanto<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5e08\u751f\uff09\u3002\u015cati<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u7684\u975e\u7ecf\u5178\u6027\u7528\u6cd5\uff08\u201c\u559c\u6b22\u201d\uff09\u662f pla\u0109i<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u9017\u4eba\u559c\u6b22\uff09\u7684\u5bf9\u4e49\u8bcd\u3002\u957f\u4e45\u4ee5\u6765\uff0caparteni<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5c5e\u4e8e\uff09\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee4\u4eba\u6ee1\u610f\u7684\u5bf9\u4e49\u8bcd\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a havi<\/i><\/em>\u3014\u6709\u3015\u548c posedi<\/i><\/em>\u3014\u62e5\u6709\u3015\u90fd\u6b20\u7cbe\u786e\uff09\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u8bf4 proprieti<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u4e86\u3002\u5047\u5b9a\u6211\u79df\u4e86\u4e00\u6240\u516c\u5bd3\uff0c\u6211\u5c31 posedas<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u62e5\u6709\uff09\u4e00\u6240\u516c\u5bd3\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709 proprietas<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u4ece\u4ea7\u6743\u4e0a\u5360\u6709\uff09\u5b83\u3002\u6211\u6709\u65f6\u89c9\u5f97\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u8bcd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u4e3e\u4e8e logi<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5f15\u8bf1\uff0c\u5438\u5f15\uff09\uff1b\u82f1\u8bed\u5012\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a to fancy<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u770b\u4e2d\uff0c\u559c\u6b22\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u5305\u62ec\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e0b\u4e49\u6210\u5206\uff08\u4e0b\u4e49\u8bcd\uff09\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u6210\u5206\u53eb\u505a\u4e0a\u4e49\u6210\u5206\uff08\u4e0a\u4e49\u8bcd\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e karmenzina<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u6df1\u7ea2\uff09\u3001skarlata<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u7329\u7ea2\uff09\u3001punca<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u78a7\u7ea2\u3001\u9c9c\u7ea2\uff09\u3001karmina<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u6d0b\u7ea2\u3001\u80ed\u8102\u7ea2\uff09\u3001vermilion\u0430<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u6731\u7ea2\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u8bb8\u8fd8\u6709 fuksina<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u54c1\u7ea2\u3001\u590d\u7ea2\uff09\uff0crufa<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u67ab\u7ea2\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3 oran\u011da<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u6a59\u7ea2\uff09\u4e4b\u7c7b\u800c\u8a00\uff0cru\u011da<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u7ea2\uff09\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u4e49\u6210\u5206\u3002\u7329\u7ea2\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u7ea2\u8272\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7ea2\u8272\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u672a\u5fc5\u662f\u7329\u7ea2\u7684\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e floro<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u82b1\uff09\u548c lilio<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u767e\u5408\uff09\uff0ctulipo<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u90c1\u91d1\u9999\uff09\uff0crozo<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u73ab\u7470\uff09\u7b49\u7b49\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002Parenco<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u4eb2\u5c5e\u3001\u4eb2\u621a\uff09\u662f avo<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u7956\u7236\u3001\u5916\u7956\u7236\uff09\uff0cpatro<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u7236\u4eb2\uff09\uff0cfilino<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5973\u513f\uff09\uff0ckuzo<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5802\u3001\u8868\u5144\u5f1f\uff09\uff0cnepino<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5b59\u5973\u3001\u5916\u5b59\u5973\uff09\u7b49\u4e00\u5927\u5806\u8bcd\u7684\u4e0a\u4e49\u8bcd\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u4e2d\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ea\u6982\u62ec edzo<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u4e08\u592b\uff09\u548c edzino<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u59bb\u5b50\uff09\u7684\u4e13\u7528\u7684\u4e0a\u4e49\u8bcd\u3002\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\u6709 spouse<\/i><\/em>\u201c\u914d\u5076\uff0c\u4f09\u4fea\u201d\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u8005\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u7528 geedzoj<\/i><\/em>\uff0c\u8fd9\u8bcd\u5df2\u7ecf\u591a\u6b21\u89c1\u5230\u4e86\u3002\uff09\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u6982\u62ec patro<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u7236\u4eb2\uff09\u548c patrino<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u6bcd\u4eb2\uff09\uff0c\u53ca\u6982\u62ec frato<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5144\u5f1f\uff09\u548c fratino<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u59d0\u59b9\uff09\u7684\u4e0a\u4e49\u8bcd\u3002\u2460<\/sup><\/p>\n

5.7 \u989c\u8272<\/b><\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u53cd\u590d\u7ecf\u8425\u8fc7\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bed\u4e49\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u662f\u989c\u8272\u8bcd\u3002\u5bf9\u989c\u8272\u7684\u8bed\u4e49\u5206\u6790\u662f\u9976\u6709\u8da3\u5473\u7684\u3002\u4ece\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u989c\u8272\u7684\u5149\u8c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8fde\u7eed\u6027\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff1a\u53ef\u89c1\u5149\u7684\u6ce2\u957f\u5728\u5149\u8c31\u4e0a\u4ece\u7ea2\u8272\u7684\u6781\u7aef\u76f4\u5230\u84dd\u8272\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6709\u8272\u8c03\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u4ece\u4e0d\u95f4\u65ad\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4f3c\u4e4e\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u628a\u5149\u8c31\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u5404\u522b\u7684\u3001\u95f4\u65ad\u7684\u989c\u8272\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u662f\u7531\u8fd9\u79cd\u6216\u90a3\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u4efb\u610f\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u5bb6\u5e38\u5e38\u8bba\u8bc1\u8bf4\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u91cc\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u989c\u8272\u540d\u79f0\u5e76\u975e\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u7b26\u5408\u5149\u8c31\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4eba\u4eec\u5f15\u8bc1\u5a01\u5c14\u58eb\u8bed\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bcd glas<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u548c gwyrdd<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u5927\u4f53\u4e0a\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u8bb8\u591a\u6b27\u6d32\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u201c\u84dd\u201d\u548c\u201c\u7eff\u201d\uff1b\u53ef\u662f\u8349\u6728\u7684\u989c\u8272\u5728\u5a01\u5c14\u58eb\u8bed\u4e2d\u5e76\u4e0d\u53eb\u505a gwyrdd<\/i><\/em>\uff0c\u5374\u53eb\u505a glas<\/i><\/em>\uff0c\u597d\u8c61\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u84dd\u8272\u4f3c\u7684\u3002\uff08\u89c1\u886812\uff09\u2460<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u886812<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
glas<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n <\/td>\ngwyrdd<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
blua<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u84dd\uff09<\/td>\n <\/td>\nverda<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u7eff\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2190\u2014\u2014 \u5149 \u8c31 \u2014\u2014\u2192<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u5929\u771f\u7684\u95e8\u5916\u6c49\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u989c\u8272\u53ca\u5176\u533a\u5206\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u7684\uff0c\u666e\u904d\u7684\u3002\u4e94\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e00\u76f4\u575a\u6301\u8bf4\uff0c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u3002\u7136\u800c\u4eca\u5929\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u95e8\u5916\u6c49\u7684\u5929\u771f\u770b\u6cd5\u5012\u4e5f\u6709\u51e0\u5206\u9053\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

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Kuzo<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u4e00\u8bcd\u540c\u6837\u5305\u542b\u81f3\u5c11\u56db\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4eb2\u5c5e\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u6211\u7684 kuzo<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5802\u5144\u5f1f\uff08\u7236\u4eb2\u7684\u5144\u5f1f\u7684\u513f\u5b50\uff09\u3001\u8868\u5144\u5f1f\uff08\u6bcd\u4eb2\u7684\u5144\u5f1f\u7684\u513f\u5b50\uff09\u3001\u59d1\u8868\u5144\u5f1f\uff08\u7236\u4eb2\u7684\u59d0\u59b9\u7684\u513f\u5b50\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u59e8\u8868\u5144\u5f1f\uff08\u6bcd\u4eb2\u7684\u59d0\u59b9\u7684\u513f\u5b50\uff09\u3002\u51b3\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u4f8b\uff0c\u8bf4\u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u8c61\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u90a3\u6837\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6765\u79f0\u547c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u56db\u79cd\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8bf4\u5230 frato<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5144\u5f1f\uff09\u4e00\u8bcd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u533a\u522b\u5144\u5f1f\u7684\u957f\u5e7c\uff0c\u7edf\u79f0\u4e3a frato<\/i><\/em>\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bcd\u79f0\u547c\u5e74\u957f\u7684\u5144\u5f1f\uff08\u201c\u54e5\u54e5\u201d\uff09\u548c\u5e74\u5e7c\u7684\u5144\u5f1f\uff08\u201c\u5f1f\u5f1f\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u79f0\u547c\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u59fb\u4eb2\u5173\u7cfb\u5c24\u5176\u6781\u4e3a\u7eb7\u7e41\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u7528 bofrato<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u6765\u6307\u4e24\u79cd\u8fe5\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4eb2\u5c5e\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u6211\u7684 bofrato<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\uff08i\uff09\u5927\u4f2f\u5b50\u3001\u5c0f\u53d4\u5b50\uff08\u6211\u4e08\u592b\u7684\u5144\u5f1f\uff09\u6216\u5927\u8205\u5b50\u3001\u5c0f\u8205\u5b50\uff08\u6211\u59bb\u5b50\u7684\u5144\u5f1f\uff09\uff1b\uff08ii\uff09\u59d0\u592b\u3001\u59b9\u592b\u3002\u4e00\u7c7b\u4eba\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6211\u672c\u5bb6\uff08\u6216\u5a18\u5bb6\uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u7c7b\u4eba\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6211\u5916\u5bb6\uff08\u6216\u592b\u5bb6\uff09\u3002\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u5927\u5806\u8868\u793a\u59fb\u4eb2\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u672f\u8bed\u3002\u5728\u6ce2\u5361\u5217\u592b\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u8bed-\u4fc4\u8bed\u8f9e\u5178\u300b\uff081974\uff09\u7684 bofrato<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u4e00\u6761\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u56db\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4fc4\u8bed\u8bd1\u6587\u3002\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4e0a\u9762\u7b2c\uff08i\uff09\u70b9\u7684\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff1a\u0434\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c<\/i><\/em>\uff08dever’<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u5927\u4f2f\u5b50\u3001\u5c0f\u53d4\u5b50\uff09\u548c \u0448\u0443\u0440\u0438\u043d<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u0161urin<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u5927\u8205\u5b50\u3001\u5c0f\u8205\u5b50\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u8981\u770b\u201c\u6211\u201d\u672c\u4eba\u662f\u7537\u662f\u5973\u800c\u5b9a\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u0437\u044f\u0442\u044c<\/i><\/em>\uff08zjat’<\/i><\/em>\uff09\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4e0a\u9762\u7b2c\uff08ii\uff09\u70b9\uff1b\u7b2c\u56db\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u0441\u0432\u043e\u044f\u043a<\/i><\/em>\uff08svojak<\/i><\/em>\uff09\uff0c\u6307\u4e08\u592b\u7684\u59d0\u59b9\u7684\u4e08\u592b\uff08\u59d1\u7237\uff09\u6216\u59bb\u5b50\u7684\u59d0\u59b9\u7684\u4e08\u592b\uff08\u8fde\u895f\uff09\u3002\u2460<\/sup>\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u91cc\u662f\u4e0d\u7b97 bofrato<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u7684\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u4e2d\u8981\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u79f0\u547c\u8fd9\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u79cd\u4eba\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5f97\u8bf4\u6210 bobofrato<\/i><\/em>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u59fb\u4eb2\u5173\u7cfb\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e24\u91cd\u4e86\u3002\u5e0c\u814a\u4eba\u628a\u8fd9\u79cd bobofrato<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u59d1\u7237\u3001\u8fde\u895f\uff09\u53eb\u505a \/badza\u02c8nakis\/<\/i><\/em>\uff0c\u800c\u628a\u5927\u4f2f\u5b50\u5c0f\u53d4\u5b50\u5927\u8205\u5b50\u5c0f\u8205\u5b50\u59d0\u592b\u59b9\u592b\u4e4b\u7c7b bofrato<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u53eb\u505a \/yam\u02c8bros\/<\/i><\/em>\u3002<\/p>\n

5.9 \u4e16\u754c\u89c2<\/b><\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u5404\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5dee\u522b\uff0c\u5728\u8bcd\u6c47\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u65b9\u9762\u6bd4\u4e4b\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u8fc7\u4e4b\u800c\u65e0\u4e0d\u53ca\u3002\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u533a\u522b\u90fd\u7ed9\u6211\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c2\uff08\u5373\u6211\u4eec\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u5bf9\u81ea\u8eab\u6240\u5904\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u6d82\u4e0a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8272\u5f69\u5462\uff1f\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u533a\u522b\u751a\u81f3\u6574\u4e2a\u5730\u51b3\u5b9a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c2\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u6211\u8981\u56de\u7b54\u8bf4\uff1a\u662f\u4f1a\u6d82\u4e0a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8272\u5f69\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u8d77\u51b3\u5b9a\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u5c0f\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u8981\u6309\u7167\u5b83\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8f68\u9053\u6765\u5236\u5bfc\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u3002\u7136\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u6709\u7406\u667a\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u61c2\u5f97\u63a8\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7ec8\u751f\u8c61\u5974\u96b6\u4e00\u822c\u53d7\u5236\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e2a\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u82db\u7ec6\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002\u4e3e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u8bf7\u770b\u886814\uff0c\u90a3\u91cc\u5217\u4e3e\u4e86\u82f1\u8bed\u3001\u6cd5\u8bed\u3001\u5fb7\u8bed\u8868\u793a\u201c\u7537\u4eba\u3001\u4e08\u592b\u3001\u5973\u4eba\u3001\u59bb\u5b50\u201d\u7684\u8bcd\u3002\u5927\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u6cd5\u8bed\u7684 femme<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5973\u4eba\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u522b\u6307\u201c\u5973\u5b50\u201d\u6216\u201c\u59bb\u5b50\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u82f1\u8bed\uff08\u548c\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\uff09\u4e2d\u662f\u6709\u533a\u522b\u7684\u3002\u5fb7\u8bed\u7684 Mann<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u7537\u4eba\uff09\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u201c\u7537\u5b50\u201d\uff0c\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u201c\u4e08\u592b\u201d\uff0c\u800c Frau<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u5219\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e femme<\/i><\/em>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u4ece\u5c0f\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u5b8c\u5168\u51b3\u5b9a\u4ed6\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c2\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u672c\u6765\u53ef\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\u5c31\u4f1a\u662f\uff1a\u8bf4\u6cd5\u8bed\u7684\u4eba\u4e0d\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u201c\u5973\u5b50\u201d\u548c\u201c\u59bb\u5b50\u201d\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u8bf4\u5fb7\u8bed\u7684\u4eba\u4e5f\u88ab\u201c\u7537\u5b50\u201d\u548c\u201c\u4e08\u592b\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5973\u5b50\u201d\u548c\u201c\u59bb\u5b50\u201d\u5f04\u660f\u4e86\u5934\u8111\uff1b\u800c\u8bf4\u82f1\u8bed\u7684\u4eba\u6700\u61c2\u5f97\u533a\u522b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u672c\u8be5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u8005\u7ecf\u5e38\u6df7\u6dc6 virino<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5973\u5b50\uff09\u548c edzino<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u59bb\u5b50\uff09\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bcd\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u8005\u4e5f\u5206\u4e0d\u6e05 viro<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u7537\u4eba\uff09\u548c edzo<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u4e08\u592b\uff09\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bcd\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u5f62\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n

\u886814<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u4e16\u754c\u8bed<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\n\u82f1\u8bed<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\n\u6cd5\u8bed<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\n\u5fb7\u8bed<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
viro<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u7537\u5b50\uff09<\/td>\nman<\/i><\/em><\/td>\nhomme<\/i><\/em><\/td>\nMann<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
edzo<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u4e08\u592b\uff09<\/td>\nhusband<\/i><\/em><\/td>\nmari<\/i><\/em><\/td>\nMann<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
virino<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5973\u5b50\uff09<\/td>\nwoman<\/i><\/em><\/td>\nfemme<\/i><\/em><\/td>\nFrau<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
edzino<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u59bb\u5b50\uff09<\/td>\nwife<\/i><\/em><\/td>\nfemme<\/i><\/em><\/td>\nFrau<\/i><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u8fd1\u6765\u2014\u2014\u7279\u522b\u5728\u5317\u7f8e\u548c\u5317\u6b27\u2014\u2014\u84ec\u52c3\u5174\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cd\u5bf9\u6027\u522b\u6b67\u89c6\uff08\u5927\u7537\u5b50\u4e3b\u4e49\uff09\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9887\u89c1\u6210\u6548\u3002\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u8981\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u5973\u5b50\u548c\u7537\u5b50\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u5c31\u4e1a\u3001\u5bb6\u52a1\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u5229\u65b9\u9762\u4e00\u89c6\u540c\u4ec1\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e5f\u89e6\u53ca\u4e86\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\uff0c\u767b\u5e7f\u544a\u62db\u96c7\u670d\u52a1\u5458\u7528 waiter<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u662f\u8fdd\u6cd5\u7684\uff1b\u5fc5\u987b\u7528 waiter or waitress<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u7537\u670d\u52a1\u5458\u6216\u5973\u670d\u52a1\u5458\uff09\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u804c\u4e1a\u540d\u79f0\u5e76\u4e0d\u8868\u660e\u6027\u522b\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4e0d\u81f4\u89e6\u72af\u65b0\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982 secretary<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u79d8\u4e66\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u7684 sekretario<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u6216 sekretariino<\/i><\/em>\uff09\uff0cteacher<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u6559\u5e08\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e instruisto<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u6216 instruistino<\/i><\/em>\uff09\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bcd\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u65b0\u9020\u7684\uff0c\u5982 salesperson<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u552e\u8d27\u5458\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e komizo<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u6216 komizino<\/i><\/em>\uff09\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u89c2\u53d8\u4e86\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6539\u9769\u3002\u2460<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u6027\u522b\u6b67\u89c6\u503e\u5411\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u6539\u4e00\u6539\u3002\u56fa\u7136\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u201c\u79d8\u4e66\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6559\u5e08\u201d\u5199\u6210 sekretari(in)o<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u548c instruist(in)o<\/i><\/em>\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\u53e3\u5934\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0d\u52a0\u533a\u522b\u5730\u5e76\u6307\u4e24\u6027\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u8bf4\u6cd5\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u4e5f\u8fd8\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e2d\u6027\u7684\uff08\u4e0d\u5206\u6027\u522b\u7684\uff09\u8bcd\uff0c\u5982 viktimo<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff09\uff0cpasa\u011dero<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u4e58\u5ba2\uff09\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c3d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4 \u015di estas viktimo<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5979\u662f\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff09\uff0c\u015di estas pasa\u011dero<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5979\u662f\u4e58\u5ba2\uff09\u3002\u5bf9\u8fd9\u7c7b\u5177\u6709\u77ed\u6682\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u8bcd\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u91cc\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u5305\u62ec\u4e24\u6027\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u8bf4\u6cd5\u95ee\u9898\u8fd8\u4e0d\u5927\uff1b\u5bf9\u90a3\u4e9b\u5177\u6709\u957f\u4e45\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u8bcd\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u76f8\u5f53\u5927\u7684\u3002\u6765\u81ea\u8bf4\u82f1\u8bed\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u8005\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528 \u015di estas instruisto<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5979\u662f\u6559\u5e08\uff09\uff0c\u015di estas esperantisto<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5979\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u8005\uff09\uff0c\u015di estas prezidanto de la klubo<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5979\u662f\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u4e3b\u4efb\uff09\u4e4b\u7c7b\u8bf4\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u503c\u5f97\u4eff\u6548\u5417\uff1f\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\u662f\u503c\u5f97\u4eff\u6548\u7684\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u4f1a\u4f7f\u90a3\u4e9b\u5176\u81ea\u5e7c\u719f\u4e60\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u5f3a\u5206\u6027\u522b\u7684\u4eba\u611f\u5230\u6115\u7136\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u5bf9\u6b64\u5e76\u4e0d\u5403\u60ca\u3002\u5728\u6c49\u8bed\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u91cc\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6027\u522b\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

5.10 \u5173\u4e8e\u8bcd\u6c47\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba<\/b><\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u8bb8\u591a\u8bed\u4e49\u5b66\u8005\u73b0\u4eca\u5b9e\u9645\u4ece\u4e8b\u7740\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8bfe\u9898\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u5728\u672c\u7ae0\u6240\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8bf8\u5982\u8574\u6db5\u3001\u9884\u8bbe\u3001\u771f\u5047\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u7c7b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u5b9e\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d85\u8d8a\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7684\u754c\u9650\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u903b\u8f91\u5b66\u6216\u54f2\u5b66\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u66f4\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8c08\u8bed\u4e49\u5b66\uff0c\u662f\u6765\u8ba8\u8bba\u8bed\u8a00\u540c\u6709\u5173\u6211\u4eec\u4eba\u7c7b\u6240\u5c45\u4f4f\u4e4b\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u79cd\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u77e5\u8bc6\u662f\u5e7f\u5927\u65e0\u6daf\u3001\u4e0d\u6613\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5927\u5bb6\u4e0d\u5fc5\u611f\u5230\u5947\u602a\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u7684\u597d\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u2014\u2014\u5982\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ae0\u5bf9\u53e5\u6cd5\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u90a3\u6837\u2014\u2014\u6211\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u6d89\u53ca\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u57fa\u7840\u6e90\u51fa\u6b27\u6d32\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u521b\u9020\u65f6\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5de7\u5999\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u968f\u5b9c\u5904\u7406\u3002\u8bcd\u7f00\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u5b66\u4e60\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u8fd0\u7528\u6709\u9650\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u56e0\u5b50\uff08\u8bcd\u6839\uff09\u53bb\u521b\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u8bcd\u5e93\u3002\u5728\u8bcd\u6c47\u6f14\u53d8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u90a3\u79cd\u4f01\u56fe\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f18\u52bf\u7684\u89c4\u5212\u5316\u503e\u5411\uff0c\u9762\u5bf9\u81ea\u7136\u5316\u539f\u5219\u7684\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u5bfb\u6c42\u548c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ade\u4e89\u5bf9\u624b\u5b9e\u73b0\u67d0\u79cd\u5e73\u8861\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u8bed\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6784\u6210\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\u548c\u7948\u4f7f\u53e5\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u529e\u6cd5\u3002\u540d\u8bcd\u5728\u6570\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8303\u7574\u5316\u662f\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\uff0c\u52a8\u8bcd\u76f4\u9648\u5f0f\u5728\u65f6\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8303\u7574\u5316\u4e5f\u662f\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f3a\u5236\u6027\u7684\u8303\u7574\u5316\u89c1\u4e8e\u8bb8\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\uff08\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u8bed\u8a00\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5e76\u4e0d\u89c1\u4e8e\u6c49\u8bed\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u7684\u989c\u8272\u8bcd\u4ece\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bf4\u662f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u56fd\u9645\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u6280\u672f\u53d1\u8fbe\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6240\u7279\u6709\u7684\u3002\u5728\u4eb2\u5c5e\u79f0\u8c13\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u6b27\u6d32\u548c\u6b27\u6d32\u4ee5\u5916\u67d0\u4e9b\u6587\u5316\u7684\u82e5\u5e72\u91cd\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8bf4\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u7684\u4eba\u80fd\u591f\uff08\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u4eec\u60f3\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u8bdd\uff09\u89c4\u8303\u8bed\u8a00\u4f7f\u4e4b\u5e26\u4e0a\u8f83\u5c11\u7684\u6027\u522b\u6b67\u89c6\u8272\u5f69\u3002<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u79cd\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u7684\u8d23\u96be\uff0c\u5373\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b83\u5728\u6781\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5b9e\u8d28\u662f\u6b27\u6d32\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ece\u8bcd\u6c47\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u9886\u57df\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u6bd4\u4ece\u8bed\u97f3\u548c\u5f62\u6001\u9886\u57df\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u662f\u8f83\u4e3a\u7ad9\u5f97\u4f4f\u811a\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5f88\u96be\u627e\u51fa\u522b\u7684\u66f4\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\u3002\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u5c45\u6c11\u4e4b\u4e2d\u8fd1\u4e00\u534a\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u8bf4\u7740\u5370\u6b27\u8bed\u7cfb\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u6216\u90a3\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u79cd\u5ba3\u79f0\u8981\u5145\u5f53\u56fd\u9645\u5171\u540c\u8bed\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u820d\u6b64\u4e0d\u80fd\u53d6\u5f97\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u5404\u6c11\u65cf\u8bed\u8a00\u4e5f\u662f\u5171\u540c\u8bed\u7684\u8ba4\u771f\u7684\u5019\u9009\u8005\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u8eab\u4e0a\u6709\u79cd\u79cd\u6b7b\u677f\u6027\u548c\u72ed\u9698\u6027\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u8bed Esperanto \u81f3\u5c11\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u90a3\u4e9b\u5c40\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0 \u53c2\u8003\u6750\u6599<\/b><\/strong><\/h2>\n

5.1 \u97e6\u65af\u7279\uff08W\u00fcster 1936\uff09\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff1a\u201c\u603b\u7684\u8bf4\u6765\uff0c\u610f\u4e49\u79d1\u5b66\uff08\u8bed\u4e49\u5b66\uff09\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u5757\u6781\u5c11\u5f97\u5230\u5f00\u57a6\u7684\u571f\u5730\u3002\u201d\u8c22\u8fbe\u6d77\u4f9d\u5728\u7ed9\u9f50\u6c83\u8036\uff08Givoje 1973\uff09\u4f5c\u5e8f\u65f6\u4e5f\u6301\u6709\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u7136\u800c\u8c22\u8fbe\u6d77\u4f9d\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\uff08Szerdahelyi 1976b\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

5.2 Waringhien 1959:73\u2014164. Bastien 1950. Gregor 1958.<\/p>\n

5.3 Gilbert 1962. Waringhien 1959:357\u2014394. Neergaard 1933. Zamenhof 1962: \u00a7\u00a751\u201455.<\/p>\n

5.4 Weinreich 1963:150\u2014158. Kalocsay k Waringhien 1958: \u00a7217.<\/p>\n

\u8fbe\u4fc4\u65af\u8bed\uff1aTrager 1946:187. \u7f8e\u62c9\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9a\u6d0b\u6cfe\u6d5c\u8bed\uff1aDutton 1973. \u5173\u4e8e\u65f6\u7684\u7cbe\u5230\u8bae\u8bba\uff0c\u89c1 Kalocsay 1966\uff0c\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u3002Burling\uff081970:14\u201417\uff09\u5206\u6790\u8fc7\u5df4\u62c9\u7fc1\u8bed\u7684\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u4ee3\u8bcd\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n

5.5\uff0c5.6 Palmer 1976; Guiraud 1955.<\/p>\n

\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u539f\u8457\uff1aGivoje 1973. Szerdahelyi 1976b. \u8212\u54c8\u7279\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u5f15\u81ea Szerdahelyi \u4e3a Givoje 1973 \u5199\u7684\u5e8f\u8a00\u3002<\/p>\n

5.7 Burling 1970:45\u201448; Berlin & Kay 1969.<\/p>\n

5.8 Burling 1970\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2460<\/sup>\u00a0\u9006\u6d3e\u751f\u8bcd\uff08retroderiva\u0135o\uff09\u6307\u4ece\u8f83\u957f\u7684\u8bcd\u53bb\u6389\u8bcd\u7f00\u800c\u9020\u51fa\u7684\u8f83\u77ed\u8bcd\uff0c\u5982\u4ece leksikologio<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u9020\u51fa leksiko<\/i><\/em>\u3002\u2014\u2014\u8bd1\u6ce8<\/p>\n

\u2460<\/sup>\u00a0\u201c\u526f\u8bed\u8a00\u201d\u6210\u5206\u6307\u8bed\u8c03\u3001\u624b\u52bf\u3001\u8868\u60c5\u7b49\u4f34\u968f\u8a00\u8bed\u7684\u6210\u5206\u3002\u2014\u2014\u8bd1\u6ce8<\/p>\n

\u2460<\/sup>\u00a0\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u300a\u57fa\u7840\u300b\u4e2d\u7684 UV \u8bcd\u6839\u6570\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7edf\u8ba1\u7565\u6709\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u2014\u2014\u8bd1\u6ce8<\/p>\n

\u2460<\/sup>\u00a0\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u8bcd\u6c47\u4e5f\u5438\u6536\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u975e\u5370\u6b27\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8bcd\uff0c\u5982 kajako<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u6d77\u8c79\u76ae\u8239\uff09\u6765\u81ea\u7231\u65af\u57fa\u6469\u8bed\uff0cboao<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u87d2\u86c7\uff09\u7b49\uff0c\u4f46\u4e3b\u4f53\u662f\u5370\u6b27\u8bed\u6e90\u3002\u2014\u2014\u8bd1\u6ce8<\/p>\n

\u2460<\/sup>\u00a0\u5173\u4e8e edzo<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u7684\u8bcd\u6e90\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u6709\u5b66\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u53ef\u80fd\u6765\u81ea\u5fb7\u8bed Ehe<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u5a5a\u59fb\uff09\u7b49\uff0c\u4f46\u4f5c\u8005\u5f53\u65f6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u65e0\u786e\u51ff\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u2014\u2014\u8bd1\u6ce8<\/p>\n

\u2460<\/sup>\u00a0\u65e0\u5c48\u6298\u62c9\u4e01\u8bed\uff08Latino sine flexione\uff09\u662f\u76ae\u963f\u8bfa\u521b\u5236\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u8bed\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u2014\u2014\u8bd1\u6ce8<\/p>\n

\u2460<\/sup>\u00a0imperial\/o<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u4e2d\u6307\u7535\u8f66\u3001\u9a6c\u8f66\u7b49\u7684\u9876\u5c42\uff08\u5e1d\u56fd\u5f0f\u5ea7\u4f4d\uff09\uff0c\u6545 imperialismo<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0a\u50cf\u4ece\u5b83\u6d3e\u751f\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u5f15\u8d77\u8054\u60f3\u3002\u2014\u2014\u8bd1\u6ce8<\/p>\n

\u2460<\/sup>\u00a0\u4f8b\u5982 lern\/ejo<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u6309\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u201c\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u201c\u5b66\u6821\u201d\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u8bcd\u662f skolo<\/i><\/em>\uff1bvort\/aro<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u6309\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u201c\u8bcd\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u201c\u8bcd\u5178\u201d\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u8bcd\u662f vortaro<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u5df2\u88ab\u4e60\u7528\u3002\u2014\u2014\u8bd1\u6ce8<\/p>\n

\u2460<\/sup>\u00a0\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u4e0d\u5b9a\u5f0f esti<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u7b49\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u53e5\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8e\u9648\u8ff0\u3002\u2014\u2014\u8bd1\u6ce8<\/p>\n

\u2460<\/sup>\u00a0\u4f8b\u5982\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u7528 \u0109u<\/i><\/em>\uff0c\u6ce2\u5170\u8bed\u7528 czy<\/i><\/em>\uff0c\u65e5\u8bed\u7528\u53e5\u672b\u52a9\u8bcd ka<\/i><\/em>\u3002\u2014\u2014\u8bd1\u6ce8<\/p>\n

\u2461<\/sup>\u00a0\u4f8b\u5982\u82f1\u8bed\u9648\u8ff0\u53e5\u7528\u964d\u8c03\uff0c\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\u7528\u5347\u8c03\uff1b\u4f46\u6709\u4e9b\u8bed\u8a00\u5347\u964d\u8c03\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u2014\u2014\u8bd1\u6ce8<\/p>\n

\u2460<\/sup>\u00a0\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u7591\u95ee\u8bcd\u901a\u5e38\u7f6e\u4e8e\u53e5\u9996\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u53ef\u7559\u5728\u539f\u4f4d\uff0c\u5982 Vi vidis kion?<\/i><\/em>\u3002\u2014\u2014\u8bd1\u6ce8<\/p>\n

\u2460<\/sup>\u00a0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u5305\u542b\u7740\u4e00\u4e9b\u590d\u6742\u56e0\u7d20\uff1a\u53e5\u672b\u7684\u4ecb\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed\uff08PS\uff09\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4fee\u9970\u8c13\u8bed\u7684\u9644\u52a0\u8bed\uff08\u72b6\u8bed\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4fee\u9970\u5bbe\u8bed\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u8865\u52a0\u8bed\uff08\u5b9a\u8bed\uff09\u3002\u5f53PS\u4f5c\u8865\u52a0\u8bed\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u201c\u739b\u4e3d\u770b\u89c1\u4e86\u67dc\u5b50\u91cc\u7684\u725b\u5976\u201d\u3002\u76f8\u5e94\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u601d\u7684\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\u662f Kiun lakton Maria vidis?<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u739b\u4e3d\u770b\u89c1\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\u725b\u5976\uff1f\uff09\u2014\u2014\u539f\u6ce8\u3002\u8bd1\u6309\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7591\u95ee\u53e5\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u6210 Kian lakton Maria vidis?<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u6309\u9700\u8981\u53ef\u4ee5\u9020\u51fa kia<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u54ea\u91cc\u7684\uff09\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7591\u95ee\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u8868\u8ff0\u5f97\u6bd4\u4e00\u4e9b\u6b27\u6d32\u8bed\u8a00\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u3002\u5728\u6c49\u8bed\u4e2d\uff0cPS\u5982\u679c\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\u7684\u8865\u52a0\u8bed\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5bbe\u8bed\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u4fee\u9970\u8bed\uff08\u201c\u5728\u67dc\u5b50\u91cc\u7684\u725b\u5976\u201d\uff09\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u4f5c\u9644\u52a0\u8bed\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e8e\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u53f3\u5411\u5206\u652f\u8bed\u8a00\u91ccPS\u65e2\u5728\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e4b\u540e\u53c8\u5728\u5bbe\u8bed\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u4e0d\u514d\u5bfc\u81f4\u6b67\u4e49\u3002PS\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u8fd8\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e8e\u6b64\u3002PS\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4e3b\u8bed\uff08\u65bd\u4e8b\uff09\u4e8e\u52a8\u4f5c\u524d\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u5904\u6240\uff0c\u52a8\u4f5c\u540e\u4e0d\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u5904\u6240\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u76f8\u53cd\uff1b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u5b83\u4e8e\u52a8\u4f5c\u524d\u540e\u90fd\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u5904\u6240\u6216\u90fd\u4e0d\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u5904\u6240\u3002\u5bf9\u5bbe\u8bed\uff08\u53d7\u4e8b\uff09\u800c\u8a00\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u3002PS\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53e5\u6cd5\u610f\u4e49\u548c\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u662f\u6709\u5173\u8054\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u2460<\/sup>\u00a0\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u76f4\u9648\u5f0f\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u65f6\u6001\uff08-as, -is, -os\uff09\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u65f6\u6001\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1b\u865a\u62df\u5f0f -us \u4e5f\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u4e2d\u7acb\u3002\u2014\u2014\u8bd1\u6ce8<\/p>\n

\u2460<\/sup>\u00a0\u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u82f1\u8bed\u7684 cock<\/i><\/em>\uff08\u516c\u9e21\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u201c\u9634\u830e\u201d\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff08\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7537\u4eba\u7528\u8bed\uff09\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6709\u5931\u4f53\u7edf\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u6362\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u5408\u6cd5\u201d\u7684\u5b57\u773c rooster<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u6765\u6307\u516c\u9e21\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u5bb9\u5fcd cock<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u7684\u4e8c\u4e49\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u5e76\u672a\u4e27\u5931\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u2014\u2014\u539f\u6ce8\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u2460<\/sup>\u00a0\u5a01\u5c14\u58eb\u8bed glas<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u53ef\u6307\u84dd\u3001\u7eff\u3001\u7070\u7b49\u51b7\u8272\uff0cgwyrdd<\/i><\/em>\u00a0\u6307\u7eff\u8272\uff0c\u4f46\u8349\u6728\u989c\u8272\u4e60\u60ef\u7528 glas<\/i><\/em>\u3002\u2014\u2014\u8bd1\u6ce8<\/p>\n

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\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ae0<\/a> \u56de\u76ee\u5f55<\/a> \u4e0b\u4e00\u7ae0<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0 \u8bcd\u6c47\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u5b66 5.1 \u5f15\u8a00 \u4eba\u4eec\u4e0d\u59a8\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u8fd9\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u7ae0\u7684\u6807\u9898\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u5c31\u4e3a\u6211\u5c06\u8981\u8c08\u53ca\u7684\u4e13\u95e8\u672f\u8bed\u548c\u65b0\u9020\u8bcd\u8bed\u95ee\u9898\u2026 \u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb Legi pli »<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"parent":12821,"menu_order":6,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12832"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12832"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12832\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20935,"href":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12832\/revisions\/20935"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12821"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12832"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}