{"id":16821,"date":"2024-09-10T08:03:40","date_gmt":"2024-09-10T00:03:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/?page_id=16821"},"modified":"2025-11-09T21:17:08","modified_gmt":"2025-11-09T13:17:08","slug":"leciono-16","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/elementa_kurso\/leciono-16\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u5165\u95e8 \u7b2c\u5341\u516d\u8bfe"},"content":{"rendered":"

Leciono 16<\/strong><\/h3>\n

DEKSESA LECIONO \u7b2c\u5341\u516d\u8bfe<\/p>\n

Teksto: <\/b>Esperanta Disa\u016ddigo
\nGramatiko: <\/b>Pronomoj \u4ee3\u8bcd<\/p>\n

I. Novaj Vortoj \u751f\u8bcd\uff1a<\/b>
\n

II. Teksto \u8bfe\u6587\uff1a<\/b>
\n

Por plene posedi fremdan lingvon, ni devas lerni ne nur legi kaj skribi, sed anka\u016d paroli kaj a\u016dskulti.<\/p>\n

Unu el la plej bonaj rimedoj por lerni prononcon estas a\u016dskulti Esperantan disa\u016ddigon.<\/p>\n

Radio Pekino sendas Esperantan disa\u016ddigon \u0109iutage:<\/p>\n

Unuafoje al E\u016dropo.<\/p>\n

Duafoje al Latin-Ameriko.<\/p>\n

Triafoje al Japanio kaj Koreio.<\/p>\n

Kvarafoje al Sud-orienta Azio, kaj \u0109iufoje parolas 30 (tridek) minutojn.<\/p>\n

La disa\u016ddigo al Japanio kaj Koreio okazas \u0109iu tage de la 19-a (dekna\u016da) horo \u011dis 19-a (dekna\u016da) horo kaj 30 (tridek) minutoj la\u016d la pekina tempo, tre ta\u016dga por nia a\u016dskultado.<\/p>\n

La disa\u016ddigo komenci\u011das per jena alvoko:<\/p>\n

“Parolas Pekino! Parolas Pekino!”<\/p>\n

“Nun ni komencas nian elsendon en Esperanto!”<\/p>\n

Ho, kiel flue kaj bele parolas la geparolistoj! Tamen, ili parolas tro rapide, kaj mi, komencanto, ne povas tute kompreni.<\/p>\n

Ordinare oni diras: “\u011cis revido!” Sed Radio Pekino diras: “\u011cis rea\u016ddo!”<\/p>\n

III. Gramatiko \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/b><\/p>\n

1. \u8bcd\u8bed\u89e3\u91ca\uff08vortklarigoj\uff09\uff1a<\/b><\/p>\n

\u2460\u56fd\u9645\u5e7f\u64ad\u7535\u53f0\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u5e7f\u64ad\u539f\u547c\u53f7\u4e3a\u201cRadio Pekino\u201d\uff0c\u6700\u8fd1\u6539\u4e3a\u201cRadio Beijing\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u2461 a\u016dskulti \u662f\u201c\u542c\u201d\uff0ca\u016ddi \u662f\u201c\u542c\u5230\uff0c\u542c\u89c1\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u2462 -ig-\uff08\u540e\u7f00\uff09\u610f\u4e3a\u201c\u4f7f\u5f97\u2026\u2026\u201d\uff0c
\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aman\u011di \u662f\u201c\u5403\u201d\uff0cman\u011digi \u662f\u201c\u4f7f\u2026\u2026\u5403\u201d\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u5582\u201d\u3002
\nscii \u662f\u201c\u77e5\u9053\u201d\uff0csciigi \u662f\u201c\u4f7f\u5f97\u2026\u2026\u77e5\u9053\u201d\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u901a\u77e5\u201d\u3002
\nokazi \u662f\u201c\u53d1\u751f\u201d\uff0cokazigi \u662f\u201c\u4f7f\u5f97\u2026\u2026\u53d1\u751f\u201d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u201c\u53ec\u5f00\uff08\u4f1a\u8bae\uff09\u201d\u3002
\nklara \u662f\u201c\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u660e\u767d\u7684\u201d\uff0cklarigo \u662f\u201c\u4f7f\u5f97\u2026\u2026\u6e05\u695a\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u89e3\u91ca\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u2463 dis-\uff08\u524d\u7f00\uff09\u610f\u4e3a\u201c\u5411\u56db\u9762\u516b\u65b9\u5206\u6563\u201d\uff0c
\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff1asendi \u662f\u201c\u5bc4\uff1b\u9001\u201d\uff0cdissendi \u5c31\u662f\u201c\u5206\u5bc4\u201d\u3002
\na\u016ddi \u662f\u201c\u542c\u5230\u201d\uff0ca\u016ddigi \u662f\u201c\u4f7f\u5f97\u2026\u2026\u542c\u5230\u201d\uff0cdisa\u016ddigo \u662f\u201c\u4f7f\u56db\u9762\u516b\u65b9\u542c\u5230\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u5e7f\u64ad\u201d\u3002
\ndis- \u4e5f\u53ef\u4e0e -ig- \u76f4\u63a5\u8fde\u7528\uff0cdisigi\u201c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5206\u5f00\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u2464 parolisto \u4e13\u95e8\u4ece\u4e8b\u4e8e\u8bb2\u3001\u4ee5\u8bb2\u4e3a\u804c\u4e1a\u7684\u4eba\uff1a\u5e7f\u64ad\u5458\u3002ge-\uff08\u524d\u7f00\uff09\u8868\u793a\u7537\u5973\u4e24\u6027\u522b\uff1a
\npatro \u7236\u4eb2 gepatroj \u7236\u6bcd\u53cc\u4eb2
\nfrato \u5144\u5f1f gefratoj \u5144\u5f1f\u59d0\u59b9
\nkamarado \u540c\u5fd7 gekamaradoj \u7537\u5973\u540c\u5fd7
\nparolisto \u5e7f\u64ad\u5458 geparolistoj \u7537\u5973\u5e7f\u64ad\u5458<\/p>\n

\u2465 -ant- \u52a8\u8bcd\u4e3b\u52a8\u5f0f\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\u5206\u8bcd\u63a5\u5c3e\uff0c\u610f\u4e3a\u201c\u6b63\u5728\u2026\u2026\u201d\u3002\u5206\u8bcd\u63a5\u5c3e\u4e4b\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u8bcd\u5c3e -o\uff0c-a\uff0c-e \u5206\u522b\u5f97\u5230\u5206\u8bcd\u540d\u8bcd\uff08-anto\uff09\uff0c\u5206\u8bcd\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\uff08-anta\uff09\uff0c\u5206\u8bcd\u526f\u8bcd\uff08-ante\uff09\uff0c\u5206\u8bcd\u540d\u8bcd\uff08\u4e3b\u52a8\u5f0f\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\uff09-anto \u610f\u4e3a\u201c\u6b63\u5728\u2026\u2026\u7684\u4eba\u201d\u201c\u2026\u2026\u8005\u201d
\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aleg-anto \u6b63\u5728\u8bfb\u4e66\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u8bfb\u8005
\nlern-ant-o \u6b63\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5b66\u751f
\na\u016dskult-ant-o \u6b63\u5728\u542c\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\uff08\u4e00\u4e2a\uff09\u542c\u4f17
\nkomenc-ant-o \u6b63\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u521d\u5b66\u8005
\nposed-ant-o \u6b63\u5360\u6709\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5360\u6709\u8005
\nlo\u011d-ant-o \u6b63\u5728\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5c45\u6c11<\/p>\n

2. \u4ee3\u8bcd\uff08Pronomoj\uff09<\/b><\/p>\n

\u2460\u4eba\u79f0\u4ee3\u8bcd\uff08Personaj pronomoj\uff09<\/b><\/p>\n

\uff081\uff09\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u7684\u4eba\u79f0\u4ee3\u8bcd\u517110\u4e2a\uff0c\u89c1\u4e0b\u8868\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\u5355\u6570<\/td>\n\u590d\u6570<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u79f0<\/td>\nmi \u6211<\/td>\nni \u6211\u4eec<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4eba\u79f0<\/td>\nvi \u60a8\uff08ci \u4f60\uff09<\/td>\nvi \u4f60\u4eec<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0<\/td>\n\u7537\u6027<\/td>\nli \u4ed6<\/td>\nili \u4ed6\u4eec<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5973\u6027<\/td>\n\u015di \u5979<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4e2d\u6027<\/td>\n\u011di \u5b83<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6cdb\u6307<\/td>\noni \u4eba\u4eec \u4ed6\u4eec<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u53cd\u8eab<\/td>\nsi \u81ea\u5df1<\/td>\nsi \u81ea\u5df1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\uff082\uff09vi \u65e2\u8868\u5355\u6570\u7684\u201c\u60a8\u201d\uff0c\u53c8\u8868\u590d\u6570\u201c\u4f60\u4eec\u201d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7528 vi \u4f5c\u4e3b\u8bed\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u6709\u8868\u8bed\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u79cd\u6570\u7684\u642d\u914d\u3002\u5982\uff1a
\nVi estas diligenta. \u60a8\u662f\u7528\u529f\u7684\u3002
\nVi estas diligentaj. \u4f60\u4eec\u662f\u7528\u529f\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\uff083\uff09ci\uff08\u4f60\uff09\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6781\u5c11\u7528\uff0c\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u4eb2\u5bc6\uff08\u5982\u592b\u59bb\u4e4b\u95f4\uff09\u6216\u6781\u4e0d\u5c0a\u91cd\u573a\u5408\uff08\u5982\u9a82\u4eba\u65f6\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\uff084\uff09\u011di\uff08\u5b83\uff09\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee3\u8868\u7269\u4f53\u3001\u52a8\u7269\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee3\u8868\u4e0d\u5206\u6027\u522b\u7684\u4eba\uff08\u5982 infano \u513f\u7ae5\uff1b\u5b69\u5b50\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\uff085\uff09oni\uff08\u4ed6\u4eec\uff09\u4ee3\u8868\u4e0d\u5b9a\u660e\u786e\u6307\u8c01\u7684\u201c\u4eba\u4eec\u3001\u4ed6\u4eec\u201d\uff0c\u5982 oni diras\uff1bonidiro\uff08\u636e\u8bf4\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\uff086\uff09si\uff08\u81ea\u5df1\uff09\u53ea\u9650\u4e8e\u7528\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e8c\u4eba\u79f0\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8bed\u3002
\n\u5982\uff1a\u6211\u7231\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\/ \u4f60\u7231\u81ea\u5df1\u3002
\n\u53ea\u80fd\u8bf4 Mi amas min. \/ Vi amas vin.
\n\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4 Mi amas sin. \/ Vi amas sin.
\n\u800c\uff1a\u4ed6\u7231\u81ea\u5df1\u3002
\n\u53ea\u80fd\u8bf4 Li amas sin.
\n\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\uff1aLi amas lin. \u5219\u4e3a\u201c\u4ed6\u7231\u4ed6\uff08\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u975e\u81ea\u5df1\uff09\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\uff087\uff09\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5341\u4e2a\u4ee3\u8bcd\u4f5c\u5bbe\u8bed\u65f6\uff0c\u5747\u987b\u52a0\u4e0a\u5bbe\u683c\u8bcd\u5c3e -n\u3002<\/p>\n

\u2461\u7269\u4e3b\u4ee3\u8bcd\uff08Posedaj pronomoj\uff09<\/b><\/p>\n

\uff081\uff09\u5728\u4eba\u79f0\u4ee3\u8bcd\u540e\u52a0\u4e0a -a \u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u7269\u4e3b\u4ee3\u8bcd\uff0c\u5982 mia\uff08\u6211\u7684\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\uff082\uff09sia\uff08\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\uff09\u53ea\u4e0e\u53e5\u4e2d\u4e3b\u8bed\u6709\u5173
\n\u4f8b\uff1a Johano <\/u>\u4e3b⬆\u2014\u2014<\/rt>lernas kun Petro kaj \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014<\/rt> sia <\/u>\u2014⬆<\/rt>frato.<\/ruby><\/p>\n

\u7ea6\u7ff0\u4e0e\u5f7c\u5f97\u53ca\u81ea\u5df1\uff08\u7ea6\u7ff0\uff09\u7684\u5144\u5f1f\u4e00\u8d77\u5b66\u4e60\u3002
\nJohano lernas kun Petro <\/u>⬆\u2014\u2014<\/rt> kaj \u2014\u2014<\/rt> lia <\/u>\u2014⬆<\/rt>frato.
\n\u7ea6\u7ff0\u4e0e\u5f7c\u5f97\u53ca\u4ed6\uff08\u5f7c\u5f97\uff09\u7684\u5144\u5f1f\u4e00\u8d77\u5b66\u4e60\u3002<\/ruby><\/p>\n

\u2462\u76f8\u5173\u8bcd\u8868\u4e2d\u4ee5 -o \u548c -u \u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u8bcd\uff08\u5171\u5341\u4e2a\uff09\u4e5f\u662f\u4ee3\u8bcd\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u8868\u793a\u201c\u4e24\u4e2a\u90fd\u201d\u7684\u4ee3\u8bcd amba\u016d\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u4ee3\u8bcd\u4e3a\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n

IV. Lega\u0135oj \u8bfb\u7269\uff1a<\/b>
\n

Karaj a\u016dskultantoj:<\/p>\n

En \u0109ifoja programero “Voja\u011do en \u0108inio”, ni konigas al vi Wuhan, \u0109efurbo de Hubei-provinco en centra \u0108inio. \u011ci altiras al si turistojn \u0109inajn kaj fremdlandajn per sia aparta topografio, glora revolucia historio, \u0109arma pejza\u011do kaj multaj pitoreskejoj kaj antikvaj vizitinda\u0135oj.<\/p>\n

Urbo Wuhan konsistas el tri partoj: Wuchang, Hankou kaj Hanyang, kaj servas kiel grava industria bazo kaj nodo de tera kaj akva trafiko, \u011di havas tri milionojn kaj okcent tridek milojn da lo\u011dantoj.<\/p>\n

Nia plej granda rivero Yangzi-rivero kaj pli longa fervojo “Beijing-Kanton-a Fervojo” kruci\u011dis tie. Dank’al ili, Wuhan ligas sin kun pli ol duono de \u0108inio, oriente kun \u015canhajo, okcidente kun Chongqing, sude kun Kantono kaj norde kun Pekino.<\/p>\n

V. Konversacio \u4f1a\u8bdd\uff1a<\/b>
\n

VI. Ekzerco \u7ec3\u4e60\uff1a<\/b><\/p>\n

1. \u8bf7\u628a\u8bfe\u6587\u3001\u9605\u8bfb\u6750\u6599\u548c\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8bd1\u6210\u6c49\u8bed\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u7528\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u9020\u4e0b\u5217\u5404\u8bcd\uff1a
\n\u2460\u4f7f\u5f97\u56f0\u96be
\n\u2461\u4f7f\u5f97\u52c7\u6562
\n\u2462\u4f7f\u5f97\u77ed
\n\u2463\u56db\u6563\u8d70
\n\u2464\u56db\u6563\u8dd1
\n\u2465\u5370\u5237\u5de5\uff08\u4ee5\u5370\u5237\u4e3a\u804c\u4e1a\u8005\uff09
\n\u2466\u62d6\u62c9\u673a\u624b\uff08\u4ee5\u5f00\u62d6\u62c9\u673a\u4e3a\u804c\u4e1a\u8005\uff09
\n\u2467\u7537\u5973\u8001\u5e08\u4eec
\n\u2468\u6b63\u5728\u8dd1\u7684\u4eba
\n\u2469\u6b63\u5728\u6e38\u6cf3\u7684\u4eba<\/p>\n

3. \u6839\u636e\u8bfe\u6587\u56de\u7b54\u4e0b\u5217\u95ee\u9898\uff1a
\n

4. \u6307\u51fa\u4e0b\u5217\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u4ee3\u8bcd\uff0c\u4ee3\u8bcd\u5728\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u6210\u4efd\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u53e5\u5b50\u8bd1\u6210\u6c49\u8bed\u3002
\n

5. \u4e16\u8bd1\u6c49\uff1a
\n

6. \u6c49\u8bd1\u4e16\uff1a
\n\u2460\u6bcf\u5929\u65e9\u4e0a\u4ece\u516d\u70b9\u5230\u516d\u70b9\u4e94\u5341\u5206\u6211\u5b66\u4e60\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u3002
\n\u2461\u867d\u7136\u662f\u4e2a\u521d\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u738b\u540c\u5fd7\u8bfb\u5f97\u5f88\u6d41\u5229\u3002
\n\u2462\u6bcf\u661f\u671f\u516d\u5317\u4eac\u7535\u53f0\u64ad\u9001\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u65c5\u884c\u201d\u8282\u76ee\u3002
\n\u2463\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u5317\u4eac\u7535\u53f0\u7684\u542c\u4f17\u3002
\n\u2464\u52301983\u5e74\u6b62\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u53f0\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u5e7f\u64ad\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u5341\u4e5d\u5e74\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4e86\u3002
\n\u2465\u738b\u5e73\u548c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u59b9\u59b9\u53bb\u8bb2\u4e60\u73ed\u3002
\n\u2466\u5f20\u540c\u5fd7\u7231\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5de5\u5382\u3002
\n\u2467\u8001\u5e08\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e66\u7ed9\u5979\u59b9\u59b9\u3002
\n\u2468\u674e\u660e\u4e0e\u738b\u5e73\u53ca\u4ed6\uff08\u738b\u5e73\uff09\u7684\u59b9\u59b9\u4e00\u8d77\u8dd1\u6b65\u3002
\n\u2469\u674e\u660e\u4e0e\u738b\u5e73\u53ca\u81ea\u5df1\uff08\u674e\u660e\uff09\u7684\u59b9\u59b9\u4e00\u8d77\u8dd1\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n

\u672c\u8bfe\u6717\u8bfb\u8005\uff1aBriko\uff08\u4e2d\u56fd\uff09
\nVo\u0109leginto: Briko<\/em> el \u0108inio
\n <\/p>\n

\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u5165\u95e8\u00a0\u00a0\u7b2c\u5341\u4e94\u8bfe<\/a>
\n\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u5165\u95e8\u00a0\u00a0\u7b2c\u5341\u4e03\u8bfe<\/a><\/p>\n

\u8fd4\u56de\u00a0\u80e1\u56fd\u67f1\u4e16\u754c\u8bed\u521d\u7ea7\u6559\u7a0b<\/a>
\nreveni al\u00a0ABC de ESPERANTO<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Leciono 16 DEKSESA LECIONO \u7b2c\u5341\u516d\u8bfe Teksto: Esperanta Disa\u016d\u2026 \u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb Legi pli »<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":11077,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16821"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16821"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16821\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11077"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/reto.cn\/php\/hanyu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16821"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}